واکسن کووید-۱۹: تفاوت میان نسخه‌ها
محتوای حذف‌شده محتوای افزوده‌شده
←تولید واکسن کرونا در ایران: فاقد وزن کافی |
بدون خلاصۀ ویرایش |
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تا ماه مه، ۱۲۰ نامزد واکسن در حال توسعه بودند،<ref name="thanh">{{Cite journal|last=Thanh Le|first=Tung|last2=Andreadakis|first2=Zacharias|last3=Kumar|first3=Arun|last4=Gómez Román|first4=Raúl|last5=Tollefsen|first5=Stig|last6=Saville|first6=Melanie|last7=Mayhew|first7=Stephen|date=9 April 2020|title=The COVID-19 vaccine development landscape|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/d41573-020-00073-5|journal=Nature Reviews Drug Discovery|volume=19|issue=5|pages=305–306|doi=10.1038/d41573-020-00073-5|issn=1474-1776|pmid=32273591}}</ref><ref name="who-accel">{{Cite web|title=Update on WHO Solidarity Trial – Accelerating a safe and effective COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/global-research-on-novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov/solidarity-trial-accelerating-a-safe-and-effective-covid-19-vaccine|publisher=World Health Organization|date=2020-04-27|accessdate=2020-05-02|quote=It is vital that we evaluate as many vaccines as possible as we cannot predict how many will turn out to be viable. To increase the chances of success (given the high level of attrition during vaccine development), we must test all candidate vaccines until they fail. WHO is working to ensure that all of them have the chance of being tested at the initial stage of development. The results for the efficacy of each vaccine are expected within three to six months and this evidence, combined with data on safety, will inform decisions about whether it can be used on a wider scale}}</ref> که پنج تا در [[مراحل کارآزمایی بالینی|فاز]] [[مراحل کارآزمایی بالینی|مطالعات ایمنی و کارایی در افراد انسانی]] [[مراحل کارآزمایی بالینی|I-II]]، و شش تا در فاز I آزمایش‌ها بودند. |
تا ماه مه، ۱۲۰ نامزد واکسن در حال توسعه بودند،<ref name="thanh">{{Cite journal|last=Thanh Le|first=Tung|last2=Andreadakis|first2=Zacharias|last3=Kumar|first3=Arun|last4=Gómez Román|first4=Raúl|last5=Tollefsen|first5=Stig|last6=Saville|first6=Melanie|last7=Mayhew|first7=Stephen|date=9 April 2020|title=The COVID-19 vaccine development landscape|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/d41573-020-00073-5|journal=Nature Reviews Drug Discovery|volume=19|issue=5|pages=305–306|doi=10.1038/d41573-020-00073-5|issn=1474-1776|pmid=32273591}}</ref><ref name="who-accel">{{Cite web|title=Update on WHO Solidarity Trial – Accelerating a safe and effective COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/global-research-on-novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov/solidarity-trial-accelerating-a-safe-and-effective-covid-19-vaccine|publisher=World Health Organization|date=2020-04-27|accessdate=2020-05-02|quote=It is vital that we evaluate as many vaccines as possible as we cannot predict how many will turn out to be viable. To increase the chances of success (given the high level of attrition during vaccine development), we must test all candidate vaccines until they fail. WHO is working to ensure that all of them have the chance of being tested at the initial stage of development. The results for the efficacy of each vaccine are expected within three to six months and this evidence, combined with data on safety, will inform decisions about whether it can be used on a wider scale}}</ref> که پنج تا در [[مراحل کارآزمایی بالینی|فاز]] [[مراحل کارآزمایی بالینی|مطالعات ایمنی و کارایی در افراد انسانی]] [[مراحل کارآزمایی بالینی|I-II]]، و شش تا در فاز I آزمایش‌ها بودند. |
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==واکسن== |
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===واکسن های مجاز و تایید شده=== |
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[[آیین‌نامه کالاهای درمانی|نهادهای ملی ]] تاکنون به نه واکسن جواز استفاده اضطراری داده اند. سه تا از این ها از سوی نهادهای نظارتی سختگیر تایید شده اند. |
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{| class="wikitable sortable" |
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|+Vaccines authorized for emergency use or approved for full use |
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|- |
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!واکسن، توسعه دهنده/حامی |
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!فناوری |
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!فاز کنونی (شرکت کنندگان) |
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!Completed phase{{Efn|Latest Phase with published results.}} (participants) |
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!style="width:10em;"|Authorization |
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|- valign="top" |
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|'''[[واکسن کووید-۱۹ فایزر–بیوان‌تک]]''' <small>(Comirnaty)</small><wbr /><ref name="hcreg">{{cite web|date=9 December 2020|title=Regulatory Decision Summary – Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine|url=https://covid-vaccine.canada.ca/info/regulatory-decision-summary-detailTwo.html?linkID=RDS00730|access-date=9 December 2020|publisher=Health Canada, Government of Canada}}</ref><ref name="NCT04368728">{{cite web |title=Study to Describe the Safety, Tolerability, Immunogenicity, and Efficacy of RNA Vaccine Candidates Against COVID-19 in Healthy Adults |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04368728 |website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] |publisher=[[کتابخانه ملی پزشکی ایالات متحده آمریکا]] |id=NCT04368728 |date=30 April 2020 |access-date=14 July 2020 |archive-date=11 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084828/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04368728/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="EudraCT-2020-001038-36">{{cite web |title=A Multi-site Phase I/II, 2-Part, Dose-Escalation Trial Investigating the Safety and Immunogenicity of four Prophylactic SARS-CoV-2 RNA Vaccines Against COVID-19 Using Different Dosing Regimens in Healthy Adults |url=https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2020-001038-36/DE |website=EU Clinical Trials Register |publisher=European Union |id=[[EudraCT]] 2020-001038-36 |date=14 April 2020 |access-date=22 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200422111024/https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2020-001038-36/DE |archive-date=22 April 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref><br />[[بیوان‌تک]], [[فایزر]], [[داروسازی فوسان]] |
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|[[واکسن ریبونوکلئیک اسید]] ([[modRNA]] به صورت کپسول در [[lipid nanoparticle]]ها) |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=3|participants=43,448|description=Randomized, placebo-controlled. |
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|status=نتایج مثبت در تحلیل موقت در 18 نوامبر 2020 اعلام<ref>{{cite web|title= Pfizer and BioNTech Conclude Phase 3 Study of COVID-19 Vaccine Candidate, Meeting All Primary Efficacy Endpoints|url= https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/pfizer-and-biontech-conclude-phase-3-study-covid-19-vaccine |publisher=Pfizer |date=18 November 2020}}</ref>و گزارش درباره اثربخشی 95% در 10 دسامبر 2020 منتشر شد.<ref name="BNT162b2 Vaccine">{{cite journal |vauthors=Polack F, Thomas S, Kitchin N, Absalon J, Gurtman A, Lockhart S, Perez J, Marc F, Moreira E, Zerbini C, Bailey R, Swanson K, Roychoudhury S, Koury K, Li P, Kalina W, Cooper D, Frenck R, Hammitt L, Tureci O, Nell H, Schaefer A, Unal S, Tresnan D, Mather S, Dormitzer P, Sahin U, Jansen K, Gruber W|display-authors=6 |title= Safety and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine|journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=December 2020 |volume=383 |issue=27 |pages=2603–2615 |doi= 10.1056/NEJMoa2034577|pmid=33301246 |pmc=7745181 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite report| url=https://www.fda.gov/media/144337/download | format=PDF | title=FDA Review of Efficacy and Safety of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine Emergency Use Authorization Request | website=U.S. [[سازمان غذا و دارو (آمریکا)]] (FDA) | date=10 December 2020 | access-date=11 December 2020}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> |
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|locations=Germany, United States |
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|duration=Jul{{فاصله}}2020 – Nov{{فاصله}}2020<ref>{{Cite news|title=Pfizer ends COVID-19 trial with 95% efficacy, to seek emergency-use authorization|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-vaccines-pfizer/pfizer-ends-covid-19-trial-with-95-efficacy-to-seek-emergency-use-authorization-idUSL4N2HZ3VS|first=Michael | last=Erman |access-date=18 November 2020|publisher=Reuters|date=18 November 2020 |name-list-style=vanc }}</ref><ref name="NYT-20201120" /> |
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}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|endphase=2|participants=45 |
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|status=Strong RBD-binding [[پادتن جی]] and [[neutralizing antibody]] response peaked 7 days after a [[دوز یادآور]], robust CD4+ and CD8+ [[لنفوسیت تی]] responses, undetermined durability.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Mulligan |first1=Mark J. |last2=Lyke |first2=Kirsten E. |last3=Kitchin |first3=Nicholas |last4=Absalon |first4=Judith |last5=Gurtman |first5=Alejandra |last6=Lockhart |first6=Stephen |last7=Neuzil |first7=Kathleen |last8=Raabe |first8=Vanessa |last9=Bailey |first9=Ruth |last10=Swanson |first10=Kena A. |last11=Li |first11=Ping |last12=Koury |first12=Kenneth |last13=Kalina |first13=Warren |last14=Cooper |first14=David |last15=Fontes-Garfias |first15=Camila |last16=Shi |first16=Pei-Yong |last17=Türeci |first17=Özlem |last18=Tompkins |first18=Kristin R. |last19=Walsh |first19=Edward E. |last20=Frenck |first20=Robert |last21=Falsey |first21=Ann R. |last22=Dormitzer |first22=Philip R. |last23=Gruber |first23=William C. |last24=Şahin |first24=Uğur |last25=Jansen |first25=Kathrin U. | display-authors=6 |title=Phase I/II study of COVID-19 RNA vaccine BNT162b1 in adults |doi-access=free |journal=Nature |pages=589–593 |doi=10.1038/s41586-020-2639-4 |date=October 2020 |volume=586 |issue=7830 |pmid=32785213 |s2cid=221126922 |name-list-style=vanc }}</ref> |
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|duration=May{{فاصله}}2020 – }} |
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|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (22) |
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| Albania <ref>{{cite web|url=https://seenews.com/news/albania-to-start-covid-19-immunisation-with-pfizer-vaccine-in-jan-report-726470|title=Albania to start COVID-19 immunisation with Pfizer vaccine in Jan – report|website=Seenews}}</ref> |
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| Argentina<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lanacion.com.ar/sociedad/coronavirus-argentina-anmat-aprobo-uso-emergencia-vacuna-nid2548852|title=Coronavirus en la Argentina: La ANMAT aprobo el uso de emergencia de la vacuna Pfizer|access-date=23 December 2020|website=La Nación|language=es}}</ref> |
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| بحرین<ref>{{cite web |title=Bahrain becomes second country to approve Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/12/4/bahrain-becomes-second-country-to-approve-pfizer-covid-19-vaccine |publisher=[[الجزیره (شبکه خبری)]] |access-date=5 December 2020}}</ref> |
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| Canada<ref name=hcreg/><ref name="hcapps">{{cite web|date=9 December 2020|title=Drug and vaccine authorizations for COVID-19: List of applications received|url=https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/drugs-health-products/covid19-industry/drugs-vaccines-treatments/authorization/applications.html|access-date=9 December 2020|publisher=Health Canada, Government of Canada}}</ref> |
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| Chile<ref name="chile">{{cite web|access-date=17 December 2020|title=Chile approves Pfizer-BioNTech Covid-19 vaccine for emergency use|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/world/chile-approves-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine-for-emergency-use|date=17 December 2020|website=The Straits Times}}</ref> |
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| Colombia<ref>{{cite news |url=https://in.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-colombia-vaccine/colombia-regulator-approves-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-emergency-use-idINL1N2JH00P/|work=[[رویترز]] |date=6 January 2021 |title=Colombia regulator approves Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine for emergency use|accessdate=6 January 2021}}</ref> |
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| Costa Rica<ref name="costa">{{cite web|access-date=16 December 2020|title=Costa Rica authorizes Pfizer-BioNTech coronavirus vaccine|url=https://ticotimes.net/2020/12/16/costa-rica-authorizes-pfizer-biontech-coronavirus-vaccine|date=16 December 2020|website=The Tico Times}}</ref> |
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| Ecuador<ref name="ecuador">{{Cite web|title=Arcsa autoriza ingreso al país de vacuna Pfizer-BioNTech para el Covid-19 – Agencia Nacional de Regulación, Control y Vigilancia Sanitaria|url=https://www.controlsanitario.gob.ec/arcsa-autoriza-ingreso-al-pais-de-vacuna-pfizer-biontech-para-el-covid-19/|access-date=17 December 2020|language=es}}</ref> |
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| Iraq<ref>{{Cite web|title=Iraq grants emergency approval for Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://www.msn.com/en-ae/news/other/iraq-grants-emergency-approval-for-pfizer-covid-19-vaccine/ar-BB1cgvD6|access-date=27 December 2020|publisher=MSN}}</ref> |
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| Israel<ref>{{Cite web|title=Israeli Health Minister 'pleased' as FDA approves Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://www.jpost.com/breaking-news/fda-approves-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine-for-emergency-use-nyt-651871|access-date=28 December 2020|website=The Jerusalem Post }}</ref> |
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| Jordan<ref>{{cite web|access-date=15 December 2020|title=Jordan approves Pfizer-BioNTech Covid vaccine|url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20201215-jordan-approves-pfizer-biontech-covid-vaccine|date=15 December 2020|publisher=France 24}}</ref> |
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| Kuwait<ref>{{cite web|access-date=15 December 2020|title=Kuwait authorizes emergency use of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://arab.news/427j9|date=13 December 2020|website=Arab News}}</ref> |
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| Mexico<ref>{{Cite news|date=12 December 2020|title=Mexico Approves Pfizer Vaccine for Emergency Use as Covid Surges|work=Bloomberg|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-12-12/mexico-approves-pfizer-vaccine-for-emergency-use-as-covid-surges|access-date=12 December 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | title=Mexico authorizes emergency use of Pfizer-BioNTech coronavirus vaccine | website=The Economic Times | date=12 December 2020 | url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/international/world-news/mexico-authorizes-emergency-use-of-pfizer-biontech-coronavirus-vaccine/articleshow/79696221.cms | access-date=14 January 2021}}</ref> |
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| Oman<ref name="oman">{{Cite news|date=15 December 2020|title=Oman issues licence to import Pfizer BioNTech Covid vaccine – TV|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-oman-vaccine-int-idUSKBN28P1RA|access-date=16 December 2020}}</ref> |
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| Panama<ref name="panama">{{cite web|access-date=16 December 2020|title=Panama approves Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine – health ministry|url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/panama-approves-pfizers-covid-19-010942802.html|publisher=Yahoo! Finance}}</ref> |
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| Philippines<ref>{{cite news |title=PH authorizes Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use |url=https://cnnphilippines.com/news/2021/1/14/Pfizer-COVID-19-vaccine-Philippines-FDA-emergency-use-EUA.html |access-date=14 January 2021 |publisher=CNN Philippines |date=14 January 2021}}</ref> |
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| Qatar<ref>{{cite web|access-date=24 December 2020|title=Qatar, Oman to receive Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine this week|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-vaccine-qatar/qatar-oman-to-receive-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine-this-week-idUSKBN28U0VE|publisher=Reuters}}</ref> |
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| Singapore<ref>{{cite web|access-date=15 December 2020|title=Singapore approves use of Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://apnews.com/article/science-singapore-coronavirus-pandemic-lee-hsien-loong-coronavirus-vaccine-5bf8461b9d2d32ec08d56fcf5958317a|date=14 December 2020|website=AP NEWS}}</ref> |
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| UAE<ref>{{Cite web|date=23 December 2020|title=Dubai approves the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine which will be free of charge|url=https://emirateswoman.com/dubai-approves-the-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-free/|access-date=28 December 2020|website=Emirates Woman}}</ref> |
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| UK<ref name="ukgov12-2">{{cite web |title=UK medicines regulator gives approval for first UK COVID-19 vaccine |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-medicines-regulator-gives-approval-for-first-uk-covid-19-vaccine |publisher=Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, Government of the UK |access-date=2 December 2020 |date=2 December 2020}}</ref><ref name="MHRA 2020-12-08">{{cite web | title=Information for Healthcare Professionals on Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine | website=Medicines & Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) | date=8 December 2020 | url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-covid-19/information-for-healthcare-professionals-on-pfizerbiontech-covid-19-vaccine | access-date=13 December 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Conditions of Authorisation for Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine | website=Medicines & Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) | date=3 December 2020 | url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-covid-19/conditions-of-authorisation-for-pfizerbiontech-covid-19-vaccine | access-date=13 December 2020}}</ref> |
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| US{{Efn|name=CFA|US authorization also includes the three sovereign nations in the [[پیمان اتحادیه آزاد]]: [[پالائو]], the [[جزایر مارشال]], and [[ایالات فدرال میکرونزی]].<ref>{{cite press release | title=Interior Applauds Inclusion of Insular Areas through Operation Warp Speed to Receive COVID-19 Vaccines | publisher=[[وزارت کشور ایالات متحده آمریکا]] (DOI) | date=12 December 2020 | url=https://www.doi.gov/oia/press/interior-applauds-inclusion-insular-areas-through-operation-warp-speed-receive-covid-19 | access-date=13 January 2021}} {{PD-notice}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.hawaiipublicradio.org/post/asia-minute-palau-administers-vaccines-keep-country-free-covid#stream/0|publisher=[[Hawaii Public Radio]]|title=Asia Minute: Palau Administers Vaccines to Keep Country Free of COVID|first=Bill|last=Dorman|date=6 January 2021|accessdate=13 January 2021}}</ref>}}<ref>{{cite press release | title=FDA Takes Key Action in Fight Against COVID-19 By Issuing Emergency Use Authorization for First COVID-19 Vaccine | publisher=U.S. [[سازمان غذا و دارو (آمریکا)]] (FDA) | date=11 December 2020 | url=https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-takes-key-action-fight-against-covid-19-issuing-emergency-use-authorization-first-covid-19 | access-date=11 December 2020}} {{PD-notice}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine EUA Fact Sheet for Healthcare Providers | publisher=Pfizer | date=11 December 2020 | url=https://www.fda.gov/media/144413/download | format=PDF}}</ref> |
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| [[سازمان جهانی بهداشت]]<ref>{{cite press release | title=WHO issues its first emergency use validation for a COVID-19 vaccine and emphasizes need for equitable global access | website=[[سازمان جهانی بهداشت]] (WHO) | url=https://www.who.int/news/item/31-12-2020-who-issues-its-first-emergency-use-validation-for-a-covid-19-vaccine-and-emphasizes-need-for-equitable-global-access | date=31 December 2020 | access-date=6 January 2021}}</ref> |
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}} |
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{{Collapsible list|title=Full (10) |
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| Australia<ref>{{cite web|title=Comirnaty|url=https://www.tga.gov.au/apm-summary/comirnaty|date=25 January 2021|access-date=25 January 2021|website=Therapeutic Goods Administration}}</ref> |
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| EU<ref name="Comirnaty EPAR">{{cite web | title=Comirnaty EPAR | website=[[آژانس دارویی اروپا]] (EMA) | url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/comirnaty | access-date=23 December 2020}}</ref><ref name="eu vac">{{cite web |url=https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/qanda_20_2467 |title=Questions and Answers: COVID-19 vaccination in the EU |date=21 December 2020 |website=[[کمیسیون اروپا]] |access-date=21 December 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Comirnaty | website=Union Register of medicinal products | url=https://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/h1528.htm | access-date=8 January 2021}}</ref> |
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| Faroe Islands<ref name="Danish authorization">{{Cite web|title=Første vaccine mod COVID19 godkendt i EU|url=https://laegemiddelstyrelsen.dk/da/nyheder/2020/foerste-vaccine-mod-covid19-godkendt-i-eu/|access-date=2020-12-26|website=Lægemiddelstyrelsen|language=da-DK}}</ref> |
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| Greenland<ref name="Danish authorization" /> |
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| Iceland<ref>{{Cite web|title=COVID-19: Bóluefninu Comirnaty frá BioNTech/Pfizer hefur verið veitt skilyrt íslenskt markaðsleyfi|url=https://www.lyfjastofnun.is/frettir/covid-19-boluefninu-comirnaty-fra-biontech-pfizer-hefur-verid-veitt-skilyrt-islenskt-markadsleyfi/|access-date=2020-12-26|website=Lyfjastofnun|language=is}}</ref> |
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| Malaysia<ref>{{cite news | last = Lim | first = Ida | date = 2021-01-08 | title = Khairy: Malaysia can use Pfizer's Covid-19 vaccine now as conditional registration granted | url = https://www.msn.com/en-my/news/national/khairy-malaysia-can-use-pfizer-e2-80-99s-covid-19-vaccine-now-as-conditional-registration-granted/ar-BB1czVUU | work = [[Malay Mail]] | access-date = 2021-01-08}}</ref> |
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| Norway<ref>{{Cite web|title=Status på koronavaksiner under godkjenning per 21.12.20|url=https://legemiddelverket.no/nyheter/status-pa-koronavaksiner-under-godkjenning-per-211220|access-date=2020-12-26|website=Statens legemiddelverk|language=nb-NO}}</ref> |
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| Saudi Arabia<ref>{{Cite web|date=10 December 2020|title=Coronavirus: Saudi Arabia approves Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine for use|url=https://english.alarabiya.net/en/coronavirus/2020/12/10/Coronavirus-Saudi-Arabia-approves-Pfizer-COVID-19-vaccine-for-use|access-date=10 December 2020|website=Al Arabiya English}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last1=Zimmer|first1=Carl|last2=Corum|first2=Jonathan|last3=Wee|first3=Sui-Lee|date=10 June 2020|title=Coronavirus Vaccine Tracker|work=[[نیویورک تایمز]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/science/coronavirus-vaccine-tracker.html|access-date=12 December 2020|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> |
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| Serbia<ref>{{cite news |url=https://balkaninsight.com/2020/12/21/serbia-leads-region-in-expecting-covid-19-vaccines-within-days/|work=BalkanInsight |date=21 December 2020 |title=Serbia leads region in expecting COVID-19 vaccines within days|accessdate=26 December 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.srbija.gov.rs/vest/en/165409/first-shipment-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-arrives-in-serbia.php|work=Serbian government website|date=22 December 2020 |title= First shipment of Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine arrives in Serbia|accessdate=26 December 2020}}</ref> |
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| Switzerland<ref name="Swiss authorization">{{cite press release |title=Swissmedic grants authorisation for the first COVID-19 vaccine in Switzerland |url=https://www.bag.admin.ch/bag/en/home/das-bag/aktuell/medienmitteilungen.msg-id-81761.html |publisher=[[Swissmedic|Swiss Agency for Therapeutic Products (Swissmedic)]] |date=19 December 2020 |access-date=19 December 2020}}</ref> |
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}} |
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|- valign="top" |
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|'''[[واکسن کووید-۱۹ مدرنا]]'''<wbr /><ref name="NCT04470427">{{cite web |title=A Study to Evaluate Efficacy, Safety, and Immunogenicity of mRNA-1273 Vaccine in Adults Aged 18 Years and Older to Prevent COVID-19 |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04470427 |website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] |publisher=[[کتابخانه ملی پزشکی ایالات متحده آمریکا]] |id=NCT04470427 |date=14 July 2020 |access-date=27 July 2020 |archive-date=11 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084833/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04470427/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="palca">{{cite news |last1=Palca |first1=Joe |title=COVID-19 vaccine candidate heads to widespread testing in U.S. |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/07/27/895672859/us-vaccine-candidate-heads-to-widespread-testing-in-people |access-date=27 July 2020 |publisher=NPR |date=27 July 2020 |name-list-style=vanc |archive-date=11 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084836/https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/07/27/895672859/us-vaccine-candidate-heads-to-widespread-testing-in-people/ |url-status=live }}</ref><br />[[مدرنا]], [[مؤسسه ملی آلرژی و بیماری‌های عفونی]], [[Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority|BARDA]], [[Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations|CEPI]] |
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|[[واکسن ریبونوکلئیک اسید]] ([[modRNA]] encapsulated in [[lipid nanoparticle]]s) |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=3|participants=30000|description=Interventional; randomized, placebo-controlled study for efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity. |
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|status=Positive results from an interim analysis were announced on 15 November 2020<ref>{{cite web |title=Promising Interim Results from Clinical Trial of NIH-Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine |url=https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/promising-interim-results-clinical-trial-nih-moderna-covid-19-vaccine |website=National Institutes of Health (NIH) |date=15 November 2020}}</ref> and published on 30 December 2020 reporting an overall efficacy of 94.1%.<ref name="mRNA1273 Vaccine">{{cite journal |vauthors=Baden L, Essink B, Kotloff K, Frey S, Novak R, Diemert D, Spector S, Rouphael N, Creech B, McGettigan J, Khetan S, Segall N, Solis J, Brosz A, Fierro C, Schwartz H, Neuzil K, Corey L, Gilbert P, Janes H, Follmann D, Marovich M, Mascola J, Polakowski L, Ledgerwood J, Graham B, Bennett H, Pajon R, Knightly C, Leav B, Deng W, Zhou H, Sahly H, Han S, Ivarsson M, Miller J, Zaks T|display-authors=6 |title= Efficacy and Safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine|journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=December 2020 |doi= 10.1056/NEJMoa2035389|pmid=33378609 |doi-access=free}}</ref> |
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|locations=United States |
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|duration=Jul 2020{{Spaced ndash}}Oct 2022 |
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}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|endphase=2|participants=720 |
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|references=<ref>{{cite web | title=Safety and Immunogenicity Study of 2019-nCoV Vaccine (mRNA-1273) for Prophylaxis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection (COVID-19) | website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] | url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04283461 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Dose-Confirmation Study to Evaluate the Safety, Reactogenicity, and Immunogenicity of mRNA-1273 COVID-19 Vaccine in Adults Aged 18 Years and Older |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04405076|access-date=19 December 2020|website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] }}</ref> |
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|status=Dose-dependent neutralizing antibody response on two-dose schedule; undetermined durability.<ref>{{cite journal | last1=Widge | first1=Alicia T. | last2=Rouphael | first2=Nadine G. | last3=Jackson | first3=Lisa A. | last4=Anderson | first4=Evan J. | last5=Roberts | first5=Paul C. | last6=Makhene | first6=Mamodikoe | last7=Chappell | first7=James D. | last8=Denison | first8=Mark R. | last9=Stevens | first9=Laura J. | last10=Pruijssers | first10=Andrea J. | last11=McDermott | first11=Adrian B. | last12=Flach | first12=Britta | last13=Lin | first13=Bob C. | last14=Doria-Rose | first14=Nicole A. | last15=O'Dell | first15=Sijy | last16=Schmidt | first16=Stephen D. | last17=Neuzil | first17=Kathleen M. | last18=Bennett | first18=Hamilton | last19=Leav | first19=Brett | last20=Makowski | first20=Mat | last21=Albert | first21=Jim | last22=Cross | first22=Kaitlyn | last23=Edara | first23=Venkata-Viswanadh | last24=Floyd | first24=Katharine | last25=Suthar | first25=Mehul S. | last26=Buchanan | first26=Wendy | last27=Luke | first27=Catherine J. | last28=Ledgerwood | first28=Julie E. | last29=Mascola | first29=John R. | last30=Graham | first30=Barney S. | last31=Beigel | first31=John H. | name-list-style=vanc | display-authors=6 | title=Durability of Responses after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-1273 Vaccination | journal=New England Journal of Medicine | publisher=Massachusetts Medical Society | date=3 December 2020 | issn=0028-4793 | doi=10.1056/nejmc2032195 | pmid=33270381 | pmc=7727324 | doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="jackson">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jackson LA, Anderson EJ, Rouphael NG, Roberts PC, Makhene M, Coler RN, McCullough MP, Chappell JD, Denison MR, Stevens LJ, Pruijssers AJ, McDermott A, Flach B, Doria-Rose NA, Corbett KS, Morabito KM, O'Dell S, Schmidt SD, Swanson PA, Padilla M, Mascola JR, Neuzil KM, Bennett H, Sun W, Peters E, Makowski M, Albert J, Cross K, Buchanan W, Pikaart-Tautges R, Ledgerwood JE, Graham BS, Beigel JH |collaboration=mRNA-1273 Study Group |display-authors=6 |title=An mRNA Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 – Preliminary Report |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=July 2020 |volume=383 |issue=20 |pages=1920–1931 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa2022483 |doi-access=free |pmid=32663912 |pmc=7377258 |lay-url=https://www.statnews.com/2020/07/14/moderna-covid19-vaccine-first-data-show-spurs-immune-response/ }}</ref><ref name="jackson-app">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jackson LA, Anderson EJ, Rouphael NG, Roberts PC, Makhene M, Coler RN, McCullough MP, Chappell JD, Denison MR, Stevens LJ, Pruijssers AJ, McDermott A, Flach B, Doria-Rose NA, Corbett KS, Morabito KM, O'Dell S, Schmidt SD, Swanson PA, Padilla M, Mascola JR, Neuzil KM, Bennett H, Sun W, Peters E, Makowski M, Albert J, Cross K, Buchanan W, Pikaart-Tautges R, Ledgerwood JE, Graham BS, Beigel JH |collaboration=mRNA-1273 Study Group |display-authors=6 |title=An mRNA Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 – Preliminary Report Supplementary appendix |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=July 2020 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa2022483 |doi-access=free |pmid=32663912 }}</ref> |
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|locations=United States |
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|duration=Mar 2020{{Spaced ndash}}Nov 2021 |
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}} |
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|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (6) |
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| Canada<ref name="hc-moderna12-23">{{cite web |title=Regulatory Decision Summary – Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine – Health Canada |url=https://covid-vaccine.canada.ca/info/regulatory-decision-summary-detailTwo.html?linkID=RDS00736 |publisher=Health Canada, Government of Canada |access-date=23 December 2020 |date=23 December 2020}}</ref><ref name="hcapps" /> |
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| Israel<ref name="israelmoderna">{{cite web |title= Israeli Ministry of Health Authorizes COVID-19 Vaccine Moderna for Use in Israel|url=https://investors.modernatx.com/news-releases/news-release-details/israeli-ministry-health-authorizes-covid-19-vaccine-moderna-use|publisher=modernatx.com |access-date=4 January 2021|date=4 January 2021}}</ref> |
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| Saudi Arabia<ref name="gulfnews.com">{{Cite web|title=AstraZeneca and Moderna vaccines to be administered in Saudi Arabia|url=https://gulfnews.com/world/gulf/saudi/astrazeneca-and-moderna-vaccines-to-be-administered-in-saudi-arabia-1.76573439|access-date=2021-01-19|website=gulfnews.com|language=en}}</ref> |
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| Switzerland<ref>{{cite press release|title=Swissmedic grants authorisation for the COVID-19 vaccine from Moderna |url=https://www.swissmedic.ch/swissmedic/en/home/news/coronavirus-covid-19/zulassung-covid-19-impfstoff-moderna.html |publisher=[[Swissmedic|Swiss Agency for Therapeutic Products (Swissmedic)]] |date=2020-01-12 |accessdate=2020-01-12}}</ref> |
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| UK<ref>{{cite web | title=Information for Healthcare Professionals on COVID-19 Vaccine Moderna | website=[[Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency]] (MHRA) | date=8 January 2021 | url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-moderna/information-for-healthcare-professionals-on-covid-19-vaccine-moderna | access-date=8 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Conditions of Authorisation for COVID-19 Vaccine Moderna | website=[[Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency]] (MHRA) | date=8 January 2021 | url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-moderna/conditions-of-authorisation-for-covid-19-vaccine-moderna | access-date=9 January 2021}}</ref> |
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| US{{Efn|name=CFA}}<ref name="FDA PR 20201218">{{cite press release | title=FDA Takes Additional Action in Fight Against COVID-19 By Issuing Emergency Use Authorization for Second COVID-19 Vaccine | website=U.S. [[سازمان غذا و دارو (آمریکا)]] (FDA) | url=https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-takes-additional-action-fight-against-covid-19-issuing-emergency-use-authorization-second-covid | access-date=18 December 2020}}</ref><ref name="CDC ACIP Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine">{{cite journal|last1=Oliver|first1=Sara E.|last2=Gargano|first2=Julia W.|last3=Marin|first3=Mona|last4=Wallace|first4=Megan|last5=Curran|first5=Kathryn G.|last6=Chamberland|first6=Mary|last7=McClung|first7=Nancy|last8=Campos-Outcalt|first8=Doug|last9=Morgan|first9=Rebecca L.|last10=Mbaeyi|first10=Sarah|last11=Romero|first11=José R.|display-authors=6|date=December 2020|title=The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices' Interim Recommendation for Use of Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine — United States, December 2020|url=https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/pdfs/mm695152e1-H.pdf|journal=MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report|volume=69|issue=5152|pages=1653–1656|doi=10.15585/mmwr.mm695152e1|pmid=33382675|last14=Bell|first13=Grace M.|last13=Lee|first14=Beth P.|last15=Dooling|first15=Kathleen|last12=Talbot|first12=H. Keipp|name-list-style=vanc}}</ref> |
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}} |
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{{Collapsible list|title=Full (5) |
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| EU<ref name="COVID-19 Vaccine Moderna EPAR">{{cite web | title=COVID-19 Vaccine Moderna EPAR | website=[[آژانس دارویی اروپا]] (EMA) | url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/covid-19-vaccine-moderna | access-date=20 January 2021}}</ref><ref name="EU approval">{{Cite press release|title=European Commission authorises second safe and effective vaccine against COVID-19|url=https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_21_3|access-date=6 January 2021|website=European Commission }}</ref><ref>{{cite press release|date=6 January 2021|title=EMA recommends COVID-19 Vaccine Moderna for authorisation in the EU|url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/news/ema-recommends-covid-19-vaccine-moderna-authorisation-eu|access-date=6 January 2021|publisher=European Medicines Agency}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=COVID-19 Vaccine Moderna | website=Union Register of medicinal products | url=https://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/h1507.htm | access-date=14 January 2021}}</ref> |
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| Faroe Islands<ref name="Danish Moderna approval">{{Cite web|title=Endnu en vaccine mod COVID-19 er godkendt af EU-Kommissionen|url=https://laegemiddelstyrelsen.dk/da/nyheder/2021/endnu-en-vaccine-imod-covid-19-godkendt-af-eu-kommissionen/|access-date=2021-01-07|website=Lægemiddelstyrelsen|language=da-DK}}</ref> |
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| Greenland<ref name="Danish Moderna approval" /> |
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| Iceland<ref>{{Cite web|title=COVID-19: Bóluefninu COVID-19 Vaccine Moderna frá hefur verið veitt skilyrt íslenskt markaðsleyfi|url=https://www.lyfjastofnun.is/frettir/covid-19-boluefninu-covid-19-vaccine-moderna-fra-hefur-verid-veitt-skilyrt-islenskt-markadsleyfi/|access-date=2021-01-07|website=Lyfjastofnun|language=is}}</ref> |
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| Norway<ref>{{Cite web|title=Status på koronavaksiner under godkjenning per 6. januar 2021|url=https://legemiddelverket.no/nyheter/status-pa-koronavaksiner-under-godkjenning-per-6-januar-2021|access-date=2021-01-07|website=Statens legemiddelverk|language=nb-NO}}</ref> |
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}} |
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|- valign="top" |
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|'''[[ای‌زددی۱۲۲۲]]'''<wbr/>{{Efn|[[Serum Institute of India]] will be producing the ''ChAdOx1{{فاصله}}nCoV-19'' vaccine for India<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/healthcare/biotech/pharmaceuticals/astrazeneca-serum-institute-of-india-sign-licensing-deal-for-1-billion-doses-of-oxford-vaccine/articleshow/76202016.cms|title=AstraZeneca & Serum Institute of India sign licensing deal for 1 million doses of Oxford vaccine|work=The Economic Times|access-date=15 June 2020}}</ref> and other low and middle income countries.<ref>{{cite news |title=Covid-19 vaccine: Serum Institute signs up for 100 million doses of vaccines for India, low and middle-income countries |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/lifestyle/health/covid-19-vaccine-serum-institute-signs-up-for-100-million-doses-of-vaccines-for-india-low-and-middle-income-countries/2047884/ |work=The Financial Express |date=7 August 2020}}</ref>}}{{Efn|Oxford name: ''ChAdOx1{{فاصله}}nCoV-19''. Manufacturing in Brazil to be carried out by [[Oswaldo Cruz Foundation]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Walsh |first1=Nick |last2=Shelley |first2=Jo |last3=Duwe |first3=Eduardo |last4=Bonnett |first4=William |date=27 July 2020 |title=The world's hopes for a coronavirus vaccine may run in these health care workers' veins |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2020/07/27/americas/brazil-covid-19-sinovac-vaccine-intl/index.html |publisher=[[سی‌ان‌ان]] |location=[[سائو پائولو]] |access-date=3 August 2020 |name-list-style=vanc |archive-date=3 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803211040/https://edition.cnn.com/2020/07/27/americas/brazil-covid-19-sinovac-vaccine-intl/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref>}}<ref name="NCT04400838">{{cite web |title=Investigating a Vaccine Against COVID-19 |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04400838 |website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] |publisher=[[کتابخانه ملی پزشکی ایالات متحده آمریکا]] |id=NCT04400838 |date=26 May 2020 |access-date=14 July 2020 |archive-date=11 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084750/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04400838/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="EudraCT-2020-001228-32">{{cite web |url=https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2020-001228-32/GB |title=A Phase 2/3 study to determine the efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of the candidate Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 |website=EU Clinical Trials Register |publisher=European Union |id=[[EudraCT]] 2020-001228-32 |date=21 April 2020 |access-date=3 August 2020 |archive-date=5 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005201654/https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2020-001228-32/GB |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="ISRCTN89951424">{{cite journal |title=A Phase III study to investigate a vaccine against COVID-19 |website=ISRCTN |id=ISRCTN89951424 |doi=10.1186/ISRCTN89951424 |date=26 May 2020 |last1=O'Reilly |first1=Peter |name-list-style=vanc | doi-access=free }}</ref><br />[[دانشگاه آکسفورد]], [[آسترازنکا]], [[Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations|CEPI]] |
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|[[آدنوویروس]] [[Viral vector|vector]] vaccine (modified [[شامپانزه معمولی]] adenovirus vector, ChAdOx1) |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=3|participants=30000 |
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|description=Interventional; [[کارآزمایی تصادفی کنترل‌شده]] for efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity.<ref name="NCT04516746">{{cite web |title=A Phase III Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Multicenter Study in Adults to Determine the Safety, Efficacy, and Immunogenicity of AZD1222, a Non-replicating ChAdOx1 Vector Vaccine, for the Prevention of COVID-19 |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04516746 |website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] |publisher=[[کتابخانه ملی پزشکی ایالات متحده آمریکا]] |id=NCT04383574 |date=12 May 2020 |access-date=26 August 2020 |archive-date=23 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200823061231/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04516746 |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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|status=Positive results from an interim analysis of four ongoing trials were announced on 23 November 2020 and published on 8 December 2020. Overall efficacy was 70%, ranging from 62% to 90% with different dosing regimens, with a peer-reviewed safety profile.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)32661-1/fulltext | title = Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK – The Lancet | access-date = 9 December 2020}}</ref> |
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|locations=Brazil (5,000),<ref>{{cite web |title=Trial of Oxford COVID-19 vaccine starts in Brazil |url=https://covid19vaccinetrial.co.uk/brazil-trial-launch |publisher=[[Jenner Institute]] |access-date=26 August 2020 |archive-date=9 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200909025948/https://covid19vaccinetrial.co.uk/brazil-trial-launch |url-status=live }}</ref> United Kingdom, India<ref>{{cite news |title=Oxford COVID-19 vaccine final trials will be held in these 17 hospitals in India |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/oxford-covid-19-vaccine-trials-will-be-held-in-these-17-hospitals-in-india-11597839519639.html |work=mint |date=19 August 2020 }}</ref> |
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|duration=May 2020{{Spaced ndash}}Aug 2021 |
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}} |
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<!-- |{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=2|endphase=3|participants=10260|description=Interventional; [[کارآزمایی تصادفی کنترل‌شده]] for efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity}} --> |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|endphase=2|participants=543 |
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|status=Spike-specific antibodies at day 28; [[neutralizing antibody|neutralizing antibodies]] after a [[دوز یادآور]] at day 56.<ref name="folegatti">{{cite journal |last1=Folegatti |first1=Pedro M |last2=Ewer |first2=Katie J |last3=Aley |first3=Parvinder K |last4=Angus |first4=Brian |last5=Becker |first5=Stephan |last6=Belij-Rammerstorfer |first6=Sandra |last7=Bellamy |first7=Duncan |last8=Bibi |first8=Sagida |last9=Bittaye |first9=Mustapha |last10=Clutterbuck |first10=Elizabeth A |last11=Dold |first11=Christina |last12=Faust |first12=Saul N |last13=Finn |first13=Adam |last14=Flaxman |first14=Amy L |last15=Hallis |first15=Bassam |last16=Heath |first16=Paul |last17=Jenkin |first17=Daniel |last18=Lazarus |first18=Rajeka |last19=Makinson |first19=Rebecca |last20=Minassian |first20=Angela M |last21=Pollock |first21=Katrina M |last22=Ramasamy |first22=Maheshi |last23=Robinson |first23=Hannah |last24=Snape |first24=Matthew |last25=Tarrant |first25=Richard |last26=Voysey |first26=Merryn |last27=Green |first27=Catherine |last28=Douglas |first28=Alexander D |last29=Hill |first29=Adrian V S |last30=Lambe |first30=Teresa |last31=Gilbert |first31=Sarah C |last32=Pollard |first32=Andrew J |display-authors=6 |author-link2=Katie Ewer |title=Safety and immunogenicity of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2: a preliminary report of a phase 1/2, single-blind, randomised controlled trial |journal=Lancet |date=July 2020 |volume=396 |issue=10249 |pages=467–78 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31604-4 |pmid=32702298 |pmc=7445431 |doi-access=free |lay-url=https://blogs.sciencemag.org/pipeline/archives/2020/07/20/new-data-on-the-oxford-az-vaccine |name-list-style=vanc }}</ref>}} |
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|{{Collapsible list |
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| title = Emergency (18) |
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| Argentina<ref>{{cite web |title=Argentine regulator approves AstraZeneca/Oxford COVID-19 vaccine |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-argentina-astrazen/argentine-regulator-approves-astrazeneca-oxford-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca-idUSKBN29421P |publisher=Reuters |access-date=30 December 2020 |date=30 December 2020}}</ref> |
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| Bahrain <ref>https://saudigazette.com.sa/article/602862</ref> |
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| Bangladesh<ref>{{Cite web|title=Oxford University-Astrazeneca vaccine: Bangladesh okays it for emergency use|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/frontpage/news/oxford-university-astrazeneca-vaccine-bangladesh-okays-it-emergency-use-2022381|access-date=2021-01-06|website=thedailystar.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Bangladesh approves Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/asia-pacific/bangladesh-approves-oxford-astrazeneca-covid-19-vaccine/2099147|access-date=2021-01-06|website=aa.com.tr}}</ref> |
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| Brazil<ref name="Covid-Vaccine">{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-brazil-idUSKBN29M0M3|title=Brazil clears emergency use of Sinovac, AstraZeneca vaccines, shots begin|work=Reuters|first1=Jamie|last1=McGeever|first2=Pedro|last2=Fonseca|date=17 January 2021|accessdate=17 January 2021}}</ref> |
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| Dominican Republic<ref>{{cite news |last1=Staff |first1=Agencia EFE |title=La República Dominicana aprueba la vacuna de AstraZeneca contra la covid-19 |url=https://www.efe.com/efe/america/sociedad/la-republica-dominicana-aprueba-vacuna-de-astrazeneca-contra-covid-19/20000013-4431079 |work=Agencia EFE |date=31 December 2020 |language=es}}</ref> |
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| Ecuador<ref>https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-ecuador-astrazeneca/ecuador-approves-use-of-astrazeneca-vaccine-for-covid-19-idUSL1N2JZ0HC</ref> |
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| El Salvador<ref>{{cite news |title=El Salvador greenlights AstraZeneca, Oxford University COVID-19 vaccine |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-el-salvador-vaccin/el-salvador-greenlights-astrazeneca-oxford-university-covid-19-vaccine-idINKBN2942HQ |publisher=Reuters |date=30 December 2020 }}</ref> |
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| Hungary<ref name="reuters.com">{{cite news |title=Hungarian drug regulator approves Sputnik V vaccine: website |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-hungary-vaccine/hungarian-drug-regulator-approves-sputnik-v-vaccine-website-idUSKBN29P2DK |publisher=Reuters |date=21 January 2021 }}</ref> |
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| India<ref name="NYT India">{{cite news | first1=Emily | last1=Schmall | first2=Sameer | last2=Yasir | title=India Approves Oxford-AstraZeneca Covid-19 Vaccine and 1 Other | website=The New York Times | date=3 January 2021 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/03/world/asia/india-covid-19-vaccine.html | access-date=3 January 2021 | name-list-style=vanc}}</ref> |
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|Iraq<ref name="bignewsnetwork.com">https://www.bignewsnetwork.com/news/267583081/iraq-approves-sinopharm-astrazeneca-vaccines</ref> |
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| Mexico<ref>{{cite news | title=Mexico approves AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, minister says | website=Reuters | date=5 January 2021 | url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-mexico-vaccine-idUSKBN29A04O | access-date=14 January 2021}}</ref> |
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| Myanmar <ref>{{cite news| title= Myanmar launches nationwide COVID-19 vaccination program | website=Xinhua News | date= January 27th 2021 | url= http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-01/27/c_139700809.htm}}</ref> |
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| Nepal<ref>{{cite news |last1=Staff |first1=Reuters |title=Nepal approves AstraZeneca COVID vaccine for emergency use - government statement |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-nepal/nepal-approves-astrazeneca-covid-vaccine-for-emergency-use-government-statement-idUSKBN29K140 |work=Reuters |date=15 January 2021 |language=en}}</ref> |
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| Pakistan<ref>{{cite news |last1=Staff |first1=Reuters |title=Pakistan approves AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-pakistan-astrazene/pakistan-approves-astrazeneca-covid-19-vaccine-for-emergency-use-idUKKBN29L0DO |date=16 January 2021 |language=en}}</ref> |
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| Saudi Arabia<ref name="gulfnews.com">{{Cite web|title=AstraZeneca and Moderna vaccines to be administered in Saudi Arabia|url=https://gulfnews.com/world/gulf/saudi/astrazeneca-and-moderna-vaccines-to-be-administered-in-saudi-arabia-1.76573439|access-date=2021-01-19|website=gulfnews.com|language=en}}</ref> |
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| Sri Lanka<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-01-22|title=Sri Lanka approves vaccine amid warnings of virus spread|url=https://apnews.com/article/sri-lanka-coronavirus-pandemic-340488c48ab372050825e70e057dd294|access-date=2021-01-22|website=AP NEWS}}</ref> |
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|Thailand<ref>https://www.pattayamail.com/thailandnews/thai-food-and-drug-registers-covid-19-vaccine-developed-by-astrazeneca-341186</ref> |
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| UK<ref>{{cite web | title=Information for Healthcare Professionals on COVID-19 Vaccine AstraZeneca | website=[[Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency]] (MHRA) | date=30 December 2020 | url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca/information-for-healthcare-professionals-on-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca | access-date=4 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite press release |title=Oxford University/AstraZeneca vaccine authorised by UK medicines regulator |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/oxford-universityastrazeneca-vaccine-authorised-by-uk-medicines-regulator |publisher=Department of Health and Social Care|access-date=30 December 2020 |date=30 December 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Conditions of Authorisation for COVID-19 Vaccine AstraZeneca | website=[[Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency]] (MHRA) | date=30 December 2020 | url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca/conditions-of-authorisation-for-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca | access-date=4 January 2021}}</ref> |
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}} |
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{{Collapsible list|title=Full (0)| |
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| ''None yet'' |
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|- valign="top" |
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|'''[[اسپوتنیک ۵]]''' <small>(Sputnik V)</small><br /> [[Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology]] |
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|[[آدنوویروس]] [[Viral vector|vector]] vaccine |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=3|participants=40,000|description=Randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled to evaluate efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety.<ref>{{cite web |title=Clinical Trial of Efficacy, Safety, and Immunogenicity of Gam-COVID-Vac Vaccine Against COVID-19 |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04530396?term=vaccine&cond=covid-19&draw=3 |website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] |access-date=11 September 2020 |archive-date=12 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200912231654/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04530396?term=vaccine&cond=covid-19&draw=3 |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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|status=Manufacturer claims 91.4% efficacy based on data analysis of the final control point of clinical trials, and 100% against severe cases.<ref>{{cite news |title=About Vaccine: General information |url=https://sputnikvaccine.com/about-vaccine/ |access-date=14 January 2021 |work=sputnikvaccine.com}}</ref> |
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|locations=Russia, Belarus,<ref>{{cite web |
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|url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04564716 |
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|title=Clinical Trial of Efficacy, Safety, and Immunogenicity of Gam-COVID-Vac Vaccine Against COVID-19 in Belarus |
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|website=ClinicalTrials.gov |publisher=Health Ministry of the Russian Federation |
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|date=25 September 2020 |accessdate=18 January 2021 |language=en}}</ref> India,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kumar |first1=Shivani |title=Sputnik-V from Russia arrives in India for clinal trials |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/sputnik-v-from-russia-arrives-in-india-for-clinal-trials/story-b8k3Ecncxw2RBTrIxOiqxO.html |work=Hindustan Times |date=1 December 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Clinical trial: 17 volunteers given Russia's Sputnik V Covid-19 vaccine in Pune |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/clinical-trial-17-volunteers-given-russias-sputnik-v-covid-19-vaccine-in-pune-7094153/ |work=The Indian Express |date=6 December 2020 }}</ref> Venezuela,.<ref>{{cite web |
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|url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04642339 |
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|title=Clinical Trial of the Immunogenicity, Safety, and Efficacy of the Gam-COVID-Vac Vaccine Against COVID-19 in Venezuela |
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|website=ClinicalTrials.gov |publisher=Health Ministry of the Russian Federation |
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|date=24 November 2020 |accessdate=18 January 2021 |language=en}}</ref> UAE<ref>{{cite news |title=UAE begins trials of Russia's Sputnik V Covid-19 vaccine |url=https://www.clinicaltrialsarena.com/news/uae-begins-sputnik-v-trial/ |work=ClinicalTrials |date=8 January 2021 }}</ref> |
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|duration=Aug 2020 – May 2021 |
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}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|endphase=2|participants=76 |
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|status=[[Neutralizing antibody]] and [[لنفوسیت تی]] responses.<ref name="logunov">{{cite journal | last1=Logunov | first1=Denis Y | last2=Dolzhikova | first2=Inna V | last3=others | title=Safety and immunogenicity of an rAd26 and rAd5 vector-based heterologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccine in two formulations: two open, non-randomised phase 1/2 studies from Russia | journal=The Lancet | year=2020 | volume=396 | issue=10255 | pages=887–97 | issn=0140-6736 | doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(20)31866-3 | pmid=32896291 | pmc=7471804 | s2cid=221472251 | doi-access=free | name-list-style=vanc }}</ref> |
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|locations=Russia |
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|duration=Jun 2020<ref name="logunov" /> – Sep 2020 |
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}} |
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|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (15) |
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| Algeria<ref>{{cite news |title=Covid19: National Pharmaceuticals Agency registers Sputnik V vaccine |url=https://www.aps.dz/en/health-science-technology/37478-covid19-national-pharmaceuticals-agency-registers-sputnik-v-vaccine |work=Algeria Press service |date=10 January 2021 }}</ref> |
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| Argentina<ref>{{cite news |title=Argentina has registered the Sputnik V vaccine based on Russian clinical trial data |url=https://sputnikvaccine.com/newsroom/pressreleases/argentina-has-registered-the-sputnik-v-vaccine-based-on-russian-clinical-trial-data-/ |access-date=1 January 2021 |work=sputnikvaccine.com }}</ref> |
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| Belarus<ref>{{cite news |title=Belarus registers Sputnik V vaccine, in first outside Russia - RDIF |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-vaccine-belarus/belarus-registers-sputnik-v-vaccine-in-first-outside-russia-rdif-idINKBN28V0ZG |access-date=22 December 2020 |publisher=Reuters |date=21 December 2020 }}</ref> |
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| Bolivia<ref>{{cite news |title=Ministerio de Salud de Bolivia - Bolivia y Rusia firman contrato para adquirir 5,2 millones de dosis de la vacuna Sputnik-V contra la COVID-19 |url=https://www.minsalud.gob.bo/5114-bolivia-y-rusia-firman-contrato-para-adquirir-5-2-millones-de-dosis-de-la-vacuna-sputnik-v-contra-el-covid-19 |access-date=1 January 2021 |work=www.minsalud.gob.bo}}</ref> |
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| Guinea<ref>{{cite news |title=Guinea Begins Administering Russia's Sputnik V Covid-19 Vaccine |url=https://www.africanews.com/2020/12/31/guinea-begins-administering-russia-s-sputnik-v-covid-19-vaccine/ |work=africanews. |date=31 December 2020 }}</ref> |
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| Hungary<ref name="reuters.com">{{cite news |title=Hungarian drug regulator approves Sputnik V vaccine: website |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-hungary-vaccine/hungarian-drug-regulator-approves-sputnik-v-vaccine-website-idUSKBN29P2DK |publisher=Reuters |date=21 January 2021 }}</ref> |
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| Iran<ref>{{cite news |title=Iran approves Russian coronavirus vaccine Sputnik V |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-russia-iran/iran-approves-russian-coronavirus-vaccine-sputnik-v-for-use-idUSKBN29V1A8 |publisher=Reuters |date=26 January 2021 }}</ref> |
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| Pakistan<ref>{{cite news |title=Govt okays Russian vaccine for ‘emergency use’ |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1603273 |work=Dawn |date=24 January 2021 }}</ref> |
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| Palestine<ref>{{cite news |title=Palestine has become the first country in the Middle East to register Sputnik V vaccine |url=https://rdif.ru/Eng_fullNews/6279/ |work=RFID |date=11 January 2021 }}</ref> |
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| Paraguay<ref>{{cite news |title=Paraguay approves Russia's Sputnik V vaccine: RDIF |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-russia-vaccine-paragu/paraguay-approves-russias-sputnik-v-vaccine-rdif-idUSR4N2J303Y |access-date=15 January 2021 |publisher=Reuters |date=15 January 2021 }}</ref> |
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| Russia<ref name="burki">{{cite journal | vauthors = Burki TK | title = The Russian vaccine for COVID-19 | journal = The Lancet. Respiratory Medicine | volume = 8 | issue = 11 | pages = e85–e86 | date = November 2020 | pmid = 32896274 | doi = 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30402-1 | url = https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanres/article/PIIS2213-2600(20)30402-1/fulltext | doi-access = free }}</ref> |
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| Serbia<ref>{{cite news |title=Agencija odobrila uvoz ruske vakcine Sputnjik V u Srbiju |url=https://rs.n1info.com/vesti/agencija-odobrila-uvoz-ruske-vakcine-sputnjik-v-u-srbiju/ |work=N1 |date=31 December 2020 |language=sr-RS}}</ref> |
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| Turkmenistan<ref>{{cite news |title=Turkmenistan is the first in Central Asia to have registered «Sputnik V» vaccine |url=https://orient.tm/en/turkmenistan-is-the-first-in-central-asia-to-have-registered-sputnik-v-vaccine/ |work=Orient |date=18 January 2021 |language=en}}</ref> |
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| United Arab Emirates<ref>{{cite news |title=UAE approves Russia's Sputnik vaccine for emergency use |url=https://www.khaleejtimes.com/coronavirus-pandemic/uae-approves-russias-sputnik-vaccine-for-emergency-use |access-date=21 January 2021 |work=Khaleej Times |date=21 January 2021}}</ref> |
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| Venezuela<ref>{{cite news |title=Venezuela firma contrato para la adquisición de la vacuna rusa Sputnik V |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/salud-coronavirus-venezuela-rusia-idLTAKBN2931X2 |publisher=Reuters |date=29 December 2020 |language=es}}</ref> |
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}} |
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{{Collapsible list|title=Full (0) |
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| ''None yet'' |
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|- valign="top" |
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|'''[[BBIBP-CorV]]'''<wbr /><ref name="ChiCTR2000034780">{{cite journal |last1=Chen |first1=Wei |last2=Al Kaabi |first2=Nawal |title=A Phase III clinical trial for inactivated novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) vaccine (Vero cells) |journal=Chinese Clinical Trial Registry |date=18 July 2020 |url=http://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=56651 |access-date=15 August 2020 |name-list-style=vanc }}</ref><br />[[China National Pharmaceutical Group|Sinopharm]]: Beijing Institute of Biological Products, Wuhan Institute of Biological Products |
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|[[Inactivated vaccine|Inactivated]] [[کروناویروس سندرم شدید حاد تنفسی ۲]] vaccine ([[vero cell]]s) |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=3|participants=48000|description=Randomized, double-blind, parallel placebo-controlled, to evaluate safety and protective efficacy. |
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|status=Sinopharm's internal analysis indicated a 79% efficacy.<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Wee|first1=Sui-Lee|last2=Qin|first2=Amy|date=2020-12-30|title=A Chinese Covid-19 Vaccine Has Proved Effective, Its Maker Says|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/30/business/china-vaccine.html|access-date=2020-12-30|issn=0362-4331}}</ref>|locations=United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Jordan,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Yang |first1=Yunkai |title=A Study to Evaluate The Efficacy, Safety and Immunogenicity of Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines (Vero Cell) in Healthy Population Aged 18 Years Old and Above |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04510207 |website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] |access-date=15 September 2020 |name-list-style=vanc |archive-date=14 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200914040138/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04510207 |url-status=live }}</ref> Argentina,<ref>{{cite web |title=Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy, Immunogenicity and Safety of the Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (COVID-19) |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04560881?term=vaccine&cond=covid-19&draw=2&rank=3 |website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] |access-date=28 September 2020 }}</ref> Morocco,<ref>{{cite web |title=A Phase III clinical trial for inactivated novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) vaccine (Vero cells) |url=http://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=62581 |website=chictr.org.cn |publisher=Chinese Clinical Trial Register (ChiCTR) |access-date=15 December 2020}}</ref> Peru<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bahrain allows Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine candidate use in frontline workers|url=https://www.msn.com/en-au/lifestyle/wellbeing/bahrain-announces-emergency-approval-for-use-of-covid-19-vaccine-candidate/ar-BB1aEciR |access-date=3 November 2020|publisher=MSN|agency=Reuters}}</ref>|duration=Jul 2020 – Jul 2021}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|endphase=2|participants=320 |
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|status=Neutralizing antibodies at day 14 after 2 injections<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Xia S, Duan K, Zhang Y, Zhao D, et al. |title=Effect of an Inactivated Vaccine Against SARS-CoV-2 on Safety and Immunogenicity Outcomes: Interim Analysis of 2 Randomized Clinical Trials |journal=JAMA |date=13 August 2020 |volume=324 |issue=10 |pages=951–960 |doi=10.1001/jama.2020.15543 |pmid=32789505 |pmc=7426884 |doi-access=free }}</ref> |
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|locations=China |
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|duration=Apr 2020 – Jun 2020 |
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}} |
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|{{Collapsible list |
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| title = Emergency (6)|Egypt<ref>http://xinhuanet.com/english/2021-01/03/c_139637781.htm</ref>|Jordan<ref>{{cite web |title=First batch of Chinese Sinopharm vaccine arrives in Jordan |url=https://en.royanews.tv/news/24716/2021-01-10 |publisher=Roya News |access-date=9 January 2021 }}</ref> |
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|Iraq<ref name="bignewsnetwork.com">https://www.bignewsnetwork.com/news/267583081/iraq-approves-sinopharm-astrazeneca-vaccines</ref> |
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|Morocco<ref>https://en.yabiladi.com/articles/details/104807/covid-19-morocco-authorizes-sinopharm-vaccine.html</ref> |
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|Pakistan<ref>https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-pakistan-sinopharm/pakistan-approves-chinese-sinopharm-covid-19-vaccine-for-emergency-use-idUSKBN29O049</ref> |
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|Serbia<ref>https://www.rferl.org/a/serbia-covid-vaccine-china-sinopharm/31053091.html</ref> |
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}} |
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{{Collapsible list|title=Full (3) |
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| Bahrain<ref>https://www.arabianbusiness.com/healthcare/455832-bahrain-approves-chinas-sinopharm-coronavirus-vaccine</ref> |
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| China<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/coronavirus-vaccine-china-sinopharm/2020/12/30/1cc4be9e-4a62-11eb-97b6-4eb9f72ff46b_story.html</ref> |
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| United Arab Emirates<ref name="nyt-uae-wee-dec-12-2020">{{cite news |last1=Wee |first1=Sui-Lee |title=Chinese Covid-19 Vaccine Gets Key Push, but Doubts Swirl |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/09/business/china-coronavirus-vaccine-united-arab-emirates.html |access-date=12 December 2020 |work=[[نیویورک تایمز]] |date=9 December 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Coronavirus: UAE authorises emergency use of vaccine for frontline workers|url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/uae/health/coronavirus-uae-authorises-emergency-use-of-vaccine-for-frontline-workers-1.1077680|access-date=24 November 2020|website=The National}}</ref> |
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}} |
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|- valign="top" |
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|'''[[کروناواک]]'''<ref name="NCT04383574">{{cite web |title=Safety and Immunogenicity Study of Inactivated Vaccine for Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 Infection (COVID-19) (Renqiu) |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04383574 |website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] |publisher=[[کتابخانه ملی پزشکی ایالات متحده آمریکا]] |id=NCT04383574 |date=12 May 2020 |access-date=14 July 2020 |archive-date=11 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084809/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04383574/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="NCname= nct04456595=">{{cite web |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04456595 |title=Clinical Trial of Efficacy and Safety of Sinovac's Adsorbed COVID-19 (Inactivated) Vaccine in Healthcare Professionals (PROFISCOV) |website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] |publisher=[[کتابخانه ملی پزشکی ایالات متحده آمریکا]] |id=NCT04456595 |date=2 July 2020 |access-date=3 August 2020 |archive-date=11 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084811/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04456595/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite journal |last1=PT. Bio Farma |title=A Phase III, observer-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of SARS-COV-2 inactivated vaccine in healthy adults aged 18–59 years in Indonesia |journal=Registri Penyakit Indonesia |date=10 August 2020 |url=https://www.ina-registry.org/index.php?act=registry_trial_detail&code_trial=16202009080721WXFM0YX |access-date=15 August 2020 }}</ref><br />[[Sinovac Biotech|Sinovac]] |
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|[[Inactivated vaccine|Inactivated]] [[کروناویروس سندرم شدید حاد تنفسی ۲]] vaccine |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=3|participants=33,620|description=Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled to evaluate efficacy and safety. |
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|status=Positive results from an interim analysis of a small sample were announced by [[ترکیه]] on 24 December 2020, with an efficacy of 91%.<ref>{{cite web |title=Turkish official says CoronaVac vaccine 91.25% effective |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Health/wireStory/turkish-official-coronavac-vaccine-9125-effective-74899577 |publisher=ABC News |agency=Associated Press |access-date=28 December 2020 }}</ref> Additional results were announced by [[اندونزی]] on 11 January, with an overall efficacy of 65.3%.<ref name=StraitsTimes20210111>{{cite news |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/indonesia-grants-emergency-use-approval-to-sinovac-vaccine-local-trials-show-65 |title=Indonesia grants emergency use approval to Sinovac's vaccine, local trials show 65% efficacy |last=Soeriaatmadja |first=Wahyudi |work=[[استریتس تایمز]] |date=2021-01-11 |accessdate=2021-01-11}}</ref> The vaccine was 50.4% effective at preventing symptomatic infections in a Brazilian trial.<ref>{{cite web |title= CoronaVac's Overall Efficacy in Brazil Measured at 50.4%|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-01-12/overall-efficacy-of-sinovac-vaccine-in-brazil-just-above-50 |work=Bloomberg |date=12 January 2021 |access-date=12 January 2021 }}</ref> |
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|locations=Brazil (15,000);<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.scmp.com/news/world/americas/article/3106177/tests-show-coronavirus-vaccine-chinas-sinovac-safe-says-brazils |title=Tests show coronavirus vaccine by China's Sinovac is safe, says Brazil's Butantan Institute |access-date=29 October 2020 |archive-date=29 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029151527/https://www.scmp.com/news/world/americas/article/3106177/tests-show-coronavirus-vaccine-chinas-sinovac-safe-says-brazils |url-status=live }}</ref> Chile (3,000);<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://chilereports.cl/en/news/2020/08/04/chile-initiates-clinical-study-for-covid-19-vaccine |title=Chile initiates clinical study for COVID-19 vaccine |access-date=29 October 2020 |archive-date=11 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011190302/https://chilereports.cl/en/news/2020/08/04/chile-initiates-clinical-study-for-covid-19-vaccine |url-status=live }}</ref> Indonesia (1,620); Turkey (13,000)<ref>{{cite web |title=Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase III Clinical Trial For Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (Vero Cell), Inactivated |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04582344 |website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] |date=8 October 2020 |access-date=22 October 2020 |archive-date=20 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020123218/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04582344 |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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|duration=Jul 2020 – Oct 2021 in Brazil; Aug 2020 – Jan 2021 in Indonesia |
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}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=2|participants=600 |
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|status=Immunogenicity eliciting 92% seroconversion at lower dose and 98% at higher dose after 14 days<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zhang |first1=Yanjun |last2=Zeng |first2=Gang |last3=Pan |first3=Hongxing |last4=Li |first4=Changgui |last5=Hu |first5=Yaling |last6=Chu |first6=Kai |last7=Han |first7=Weixiao |last8=Chen |first8=Zhen |last9=Tang |first9=Rong |last10=Yin |first10=Weidong |last11=Chen |first11=Xin |last12=Hu |first12=Yuansheng |last13=Liu |first13=Xiaoyong |last14=Jiang |first14=Congbing |last15=Li |first15=Jingxin |last16=Yang |first16=Minnan |last17=Song |first17=Yan |last18=Wang |first18=Xiangxi |last19=Gao |first19=Qiang |last20=Zhu |first20=Fengcai | display-authors=6 |title=Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in healthy adults aged 18–59 years: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1/2 clinical trial |journal=The Lancet Infectious Diseases |date=November 2020 |volume=0 |doi=10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30843-4 |pmid=33217362 |s2cid=227099817 | doi-access=free |name-list-style=vanc }}</ref> |
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|locations=China |
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|duration=May 2020 – |
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}} |
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|{{Collapsible list |
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| title = Emergency (6)|Bolivia<ref>{{cite web |title=Bolívia autoriza uso de vacinas Sputnik V e CoronaVac contra covid-19 |url=https://noticias.uol.com.br/internacional/ultimas-noticias/2021/01/06/bolivia-autoriza-uso-de-vacinas-sputnik-v-e-coronavac-contra-covid-19.htm |website=noticias.uol.com.br |access-date=6 January 2021 |language=pt-br}}</ref>|Brazil<ref name="Covid-Vaccine"/>|China ''(early)''<ref>{{Cite news|title=China prepares large-scale rollout of domestically-produced coronavirus vaccines|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/world/article-china-prepares-large-scale-rollout-of-domestically-produced|date=6 December 2020|access-date=7 December 2020|work=The Globe and Mail|first=Huizhong | last=Wu }}</ref>|Chile <ref>https://www.france24.com/es/minuto-a-minuto/20210120-chile-aprueba-el-uso-de-emergencia-de-la-vacuna-china-de-sinovac-contra-covid-19</ref>|Indonesia<ref name=StraitsTimes20210111/><ref name=Tempo>{{cite news |title=BPOM Grants Emergency Use Authorization for Sinovac Vaccine |url=https://en.tempo.co/read/1422220/bpom-grants-emergency-use-authorization-for-sinovac-vaccine |work=[[Tempo (Indonesian magazine)|Tempo]] |date=2021-01-11 |accessdate=2021-01-11}}</ref>|Turkey<ref>{{cite news |title=Turkey to begin COVID-19 vaccine jabs by this weekend |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/latest-on-coronavirus-outbreak/turkey-to-begin-covid-19-vaccine-jabs-by-this-weekend/2106366 |work=Anadolu |date=2021-01-11 |accessdate=2021-01-11}}</ref>}} |
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{{Collapsible list|title=Full (0) |
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| ''None yet'' |
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}} |
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|- valign="top" |
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|'''[[Ad5-nCoV]]''' <small>(Convidicea)</small><br />[[CanSino Biologics]], Beijing Institute of Biotechnology of the [[Academy of Military Medical Sciences]] |
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|[[آدنوویروس]] [[Viral vector|vector]] vaccine ([[واکسن]] adenovirus [[سروتیپ]] 5 vector) |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=3|participants=40,000|description=Global multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled to evaluate efficacy, safety and immunogenicity. |
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|locations= China, Argentina, Chile,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lazcano |first1=Patricio |title=Así funcionan las cuatro vacunas que se probarán en Chile |url=https://www.latercera.com/que-pasa/noticia/asi-funcionan-las-cuatro-vacunas-que-se-probaran-en-chile/AD22DRDA4REH5MRWGIAI7GQFSM/ |publisher=La Tercera |access-date=15 December 2020 |date=15 November 2020}}</ref> Mexico,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Martinez |first1=Ana Isabel |title=CanSino Biologics delivers COVID-19 vaccine to Mexico for late-stage trial |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSKBN27J21V |publisher=Reuters |access-date=4 November 2020 |date=3 November 2020}}</ref> Pakistan,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Ng |first1=Eric |title=China's CanSino trials Covid-19 vaccine in 'high disease burden' nations |url=https://www.scmp.com/business/companies/article/3107389/chinese-vaccine-developer-cansino-targets-high-disease-burden |work=South China Morning Post |access-date=4 November 2020 |date=28 October 2020}}</ref> Russia,<ref name="NCT04540419">{{cite web |title=Clinical Trial of Recombinant Novel Coronavirus Vaccine (Adenovirus Type 5 Vector) Against COVID-19 |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04540419 |website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] |publisher=[[کتابخانه ملی پزشکی ایالات متحده آمریکا]] |id=NCT04540419 |date=13 November 2020 |access-date=17 November 2020}}</ref> Saudi Arabia<ref>{{cite web |last1=Nafisa |first1=Eltahir |title=CanSino to start Phase III trial of COVID-19 vaccine in Saudi |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-saudi-cansinobio/cansino-to-start-phase-iii-trial-of-covid-19-vaccine-in-saudi-idUSKCN2550L9 |publisher=Reuters |access-date=4 November 2020 |date=9 August 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Gou |first1=Jinbo |title=Phase III Trial of A COVID-19 Vaccine of Adenovirus Vector in Adults 18 Years Old and Above |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04526990 |website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] |access-date=17 September 2020 |name-list-style=vanc |archive-date=18 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918142722/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04526990 |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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|duration=Mar. {{Endash}} Dec. 2020, China; Sep. 2020 {{Endash}} Dec. 2021, Pakistan; Sep. 2020 {{Endash}} Nov. 2020, Russia<ref name="NCT04540419" /> |
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}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=2|participants=508 |
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|status=Neutralizing antibody and [[لنفوسیت تی]] responses<ref name="zhu7-20">{{cite journal | last1=Zhu | first1=Feng-Cai | last2=Guan | first2=Xu-Hua | last3=Li | first3=Yu-Hua | last4=Huang | first4=Jian-Ying | last5=Jiang | first5=Tao | last6=Hou | first6=Li-Hua | last7=Li | first7=Jing-Xin | last8=Yang | first8=Bei-Fang | last9=Wang | first9=Ling | last10=Wang | first10=Wen-Juan | last11=Wu | first11=Shi-Po | last12=Wang | first12=Zhao | last13=Wu | first13=Xiao-Hong | last14=Xu | first14=Jun-Jie | last15=Zhang | first15=Zhe | last16=Jia | first16=Si-Yue | last17=Wang | first17=Bu-Sen | last18=Hu | first18=Yi | last19=Liu | first19=Jing-Jing | last20=Zhang | first20=Jun | last21=Qian | first21=Xiao-Ai | last22=Li | first22=Qiong | last23=Pan | first23=Hong-Xing | last24=Jiang | first24=Hu-Dachuan | last25=Deng | first25=Peng | last26=Gou | first26=Jin-Bo | last27=Wang | first27=Xue-Wen | last28=Wang | first28=Xing-Huan | last29=Chen | first29=Wei | display-authors=6 | title=Immunogenicity and safety of a recombinant adenovirus type-5-vectored COVID-19 vaccine in healthy adults aged 18 years or older: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial | journal=Lancet | date=July 2020 | volume=396 | issue=10249 | pages=479–88 | issn=0140-6736 | doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(20)31605-6 | pmid=32702299 | doi-access=free | lay-url=https://blogs.sciencemag.org/pipeline/archives/2020/07/20/new-data-on-the-cansino-vaccine | name-list-style=vanc }}</ref> |
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}} |
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|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (1) |
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| China ''(early)''<ref>{{Cite web|title=CanSino's COVID-19 vaccine approved for military use in China|url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Pharmaceuticals/CanSino-s-COVID-19-vaccine-approved-for-military-use-in-China|access-date=24 December 2020|website=Nikkei Asia}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=More Than 2.7 Million People Have Gotten Vaccines: Covid-19 Tracker|publisher=Bloomberg L.P.|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/covid-vaccine-tracker-global-distribution/|access-date=24 December 2020}}</ref> |
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}} |
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{{Collapsible list|title=Full (0) |
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| ''None yet'' |
|||
}} |
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|- valign="top" |
|||
|'''{{Ill|EpiVacCorona|ru|ЭпиВакКорона}}'''<wbr /><ref name="NCT04527575">{{cite web |title=Study of the Safety, Reactogenicity and Immunogenicity of "EpiVacCorona" Vaccine for the Prevention of COVID-19 (EpiVacCorona) |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04527575 |website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] |publisher=[[کتابخانه ملی پزشکی ایالات متحده آمریکا]] |id=NCT04368988 |date=22 September 2020 |access-date=16 November 2020}}</ref><br />[[State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR|Vector]] |
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|[[Peptide vaccine]]<ref name="NCT04527575" /> |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=3|participants=40,000|description=Randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled to evaluate efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety |
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|locations=Russia<ref>{{cite news |title=Russian EpiVacCorona Vaccine Has No Adverse Effects |url=https://www.oreanda.ru/en/gosudarstvo/russian-epivaccorona-vaccine-has-no-adverse-effects/article1354486/ |work=OREANDA-NEWS |date=13 January 2021 }}</ref> |
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|duration=Nov 2020 – Dec 2021 |
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}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|endphase=2|participants=100|description=Simple, blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study of safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity<ref name="NCT04527575" /> |
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|locations=Russia |
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|duration=Jul 2020<ref name="NCT04527575" /> – Sep 2020<ref>{{cite news |title=Over 1,400 volunteers get Russia's first EpiVacCorona vaccine jab |url=https://tass.com/society/1235115 |work=TASS |date=15 December 2020 }}</ref> |
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}} |
|||
|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (1) |
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| Russia<ref>{{cite web | title = О регистрации вакцины ФБУН ГНЦ ВБ "Вектор" Роспотребнадзора «ЭпиВакКорона» | website=Rospotrebnadzor |url = https://www.rospotrebnadzor.ru/region/rss/rss.php?ELEMENT_ID=15660 |date=14 October 2020 |language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Russia's EpiVacCorona vaccine post-registration trials started | publisher=The Pharma Letter |url = https://www.thepharmaletter.com/article/russia-s-epivaccorona-vaccine-post-registration-trials-started |date=18 November 2020 }}</ref> |
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}} |
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{{Collapsible list|title=Full (0) |
|||
| ''None yet'' |
|||
}} |
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|- valign="top" |
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|'''[[BBV152]]''' <small>(Covaxin)</small><br />[[Bharat Biotech]], [[Indian Council of Medical Research]] |
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|[[کروناویروس سندرم شدید حاد تنفسی ۲]] vaccine |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=3|participants=25800|description=Randomised, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled<ref>{{Cite web|title=An Efficacy and Safety Clinical Trial of an Investigational COVID-19 Vaccine (BBV152) in Adult Volunteers |id=NCT04641481| url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04641481|access-date=26 November 2020|website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]]}}</ref> |
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|locations=India<ref>{{cite web | title=Bharat Biotech Recruits 23,000 Volunteers For Covaxin's Phase 3 Clinical Trial | website=NDTV.com | date=28 December 2020 | url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/bharat-biotech-recruits-23-000-volunteers-for-covaxins-phase-3-clinical-trial-2346980 | access-date=3 January 2021}}</ref> |
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|duration=Nov 2020 {{Endash}} Mar 2021 |
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}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|participants=375 |
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|status=Dose-dependent [[neutralizing antibody]] response on two-dose schedule. Pending Phase II reports.<ref>{{cite web |title=Whole-Virion Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (BBV152) for COVID-19 in Healthy Volunteers |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04471519 |id=NCT04471519|website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] }}</ref>}} |
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|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (1) |
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| India (''monitored'')<ref name="NYT India" /> |
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}} |
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{{Collapsible list|title=Full (0) |
|||
| ''None yet'' |
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}} |
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|} |
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===Vaccine candidates=== |
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{| class="wikitable sortable" |
|||
|+ COVID‑19 candidate vaccines in Phase I{{Endash}}III trials<ref name=london/><ref name="milken">{{cite web|date=8 December 2020|title=COVID-19 vaccine tracker (Choose vaccines tab, apply filters to view select data)|url=https://airtable.com/shrSAi6t5WFwqo3GM/tblEzPQS5fnc0FHYR/viwDBH7b6FjmIBX5x?blocks=hide|access-date=11 December 2020|publisher=Milken Institute|lay-url=https://milkeninstitute.org/covid-19-tracker}}</ref><ref name="who-tracker">{{Cite web|date=10 December 2020|title=Draft landscape of COVID 19 candidate vaccines|url=https://www.who.int/who-documents-detail/draft-landscape-of-covid-19-candidate-vaccines|access-date=11 December 2020|publisher=World Health Organization}}</ref> |
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|- |
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!Vaccine candidates,<br />developers, and sponsors |
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!Technology |
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!Current phase (participants)<br />design |
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!Completed phase{{Efn|Latest Phase with published results.}} (participants)<br />Immune response |
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!style="width:10em;"|Pending authorization |
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|- valign="top" |
|||
|'''[[Ad26.COV2.S]]'''<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=A Study of Ad26.COV2.S in Adults|url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04436276|access-date=23 August 2020|website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]]|date=4 August 2020|archive-date=16 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200916063346/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04436276|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=A Study of Ad26.COV2.S for the Prevention of SARS-CoV-2-Mediated COVID-19 in Adult Participants|url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04505722|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200926145744/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04505722|archive-date=26 September 2020|website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]]|publisher=US National Library of Medicine}}</ref><br/>[[جانسن فارماسیوتیکا]] ([[جانسون و جانسون]]), [[Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center|BIDMC]] |
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|[[آدنوویروس]] [[Viral vector|vector]] vaccine (adenovirus serotype 26) |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=3|participants=40,000|description=Randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled |
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|status= |
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|locations=United States, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, the Philippines, South Africa and Ukraine |
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|duration= Jul 2020{{Spaced ndash}}2023 |
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}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|endphase=2|participants=1,045 |
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|status=Neutralizing-antibody titers against wild-type virus were detected in 90% or more of all participants on day 29 after the first vaccine dose and reached 100% by day 57 with a further increase in titers, regardless of vaccine dose or age group. Titers remained stable until at least day 71.<ref name="Phase 1–2Ad26.COV2.S">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sadoff J, Shukarev G, Heerwegh D, Truyers C, Leroux-Roels I, LeGars M, Groot A, Stoop J, Tete S, VanDamme W, Berghmans P, Kimmel M|display-authors=6 |title= Interim Results of a Phase 1–2a Trial of Ad26.COV2.S Covid-19 Vaccine |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=January 2021 |doi= 10.1056/NEJMoa2034201|pmid=33440088 |doi-access=free}}</ref>}} |
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|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (0)|expand=yes |
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}} |
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|- valign="top" |
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|'''[[NVX-CoV2373]]'''<wbr/><ref name="NCT04368988">{{cite web |title=Evaluation of the Safety and Immunogenicity of a SARS-CoV-2 rS (COVID-19) Nanoparticle Vaccine With/Without Matrix-M Adjuvant |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04368988 |website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] |publisher=[[کتابخانه ملی پزشکی ایالات متحده آمریکا]] |id=NCT04368988 |date=30 April 2020 |access-date=14 July 2020 |archive-date=14 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200714224741/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04368988 |url-status=live }}</ref><br />[[Novavax]], [[Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations|CEPI]] |
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|[[Subunit vaccine]] ([[کروناویروس سندرم شدید حاد تنفسی ۲]] [[واکسن]] [[Peplomer|spike protein]] [[نانوذره]] with [[Immunologic adjuvant|adjuvant]]) |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=3|participants=45,000 |
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|description=Randomised, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled trial<ref name="NCT04583995">{{cite web | url = https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04583995 | title = A Study Looking at the Effectiveness, Immune Response, and Safety of a COVID-19 Vaccine in Adults in the United Kingdom | access-date = 22 November 2020 | website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] }}</ref>|locations=UK (15,000); US, Mexico (30,000)<ref>{{Cite web|title=A Study Looking at the Efficacy, Immune Response, and Safety of a COVID-19 Vaccine in Adults at Risk for SARS-CoV-2 |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04611802|access-date=2020-12-30|website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]]}}</ref>|duration=Sep 2020{{Spaced ndash}}Jan 2021 (UK); Dec 2020{{Spaced ndash}}Mar 2021 (US, Mexico)}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|endphase=2|participants=131 |
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|status=[[پادتن جی]] and [[neutralizing antibody]] response with adjuvant after [[دوز یادآور]].<ref name="pmid32877576">{{cite journal | vauthors = Keech C, Albert G, Cho I, Robertson A, Reed P, Neal S, Plested JS, Zhu M, Cloney-Clark S, Zhou H, Smith G, Patel N, Frieman MB, Haupt RE, Logue J, McGrath M, Weston S, Piedra PA, Desai C, Callahan K, Lewis M, Price-Abbott P, Formica N, Shinde V, Fries L, Lickliter JD, Griffin P, Wilkinson B, Glenn GM | display-authors=6 | title = Phase 1–2 Trial of a SARS-CoV-2 Recombinant Spike Protein Nanoparticle Vaccine | journal = The New England Journal of Medicine | date = September 2020 | volume=383 | issue=24 | pages=2320–2332 | pmid = 32877576 | pmc = 7494251 | doi = 10.1056/NEJMoa2026920 }}</ref>}} |
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|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (0)|expand=yes |
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}} |
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|- valign="top" |
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|'''[[ZF2001]]''' <small>(RBD-Dimer)</small><ref name=london/><br />Anhui Zhifei Longcom Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd. |
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|[[Subunit vaccine]] ([[واکسن]]) |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=3|participants=29,000 |
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|description=Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled<ref>{{cite web |title=A Phase III Clinical Trial to Determine the Safety and Efficacy of ZF2001 for Prevention of COVID-19 |website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04646590#wrapper }}</ref> |
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|locations=China, Ecuador, Indonesia, Malaysia, Pakistan, Uzbekistan<ref>{{cite web |last1=Pinghui |first1=Zhuang |title=Fifth Chinese Covid-19 vaccine candidate ready to enter phase 3 trials |url=https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3110690/coronavirus-chinas-cnbg-set-review-covid-19-vaccine-phase-3 |work=South China Morning Post |access-date=26 December 2020 |date=20 November 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Ying |first1=Teoh Pei |title=MYEG to conduct phase 3 clinical trial for China's Covid-19 vaccine in Msia {{!}} New Straits Times |url=https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2020/12/647456/myeg-conduct-phase-3-clinical-trial-chinas-covid-19-vaccine-msia |work=New Straits Times |access-date=28 December 2020 |date=7 December 2020}}</ref>|duration=Dec 2020{{Spaced ndash}}Apr 2022}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=2|participants=900 |
|||
|description=Interventional; randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled<ref name="NCT04466085">{{cite web |title=A Randomized, Blinded, Placebo-controlled Trial to Evaluate the Immunogenicity and Safety of a Recombinant New Coronavirus Vaccine (CHO Cell) With Different Doses and Different Immunization Procedures in Healthy People Aged 18 to 59 Years |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04466085 |website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] |publisher=[[کتابخانه ملی پزشکی ایالات متحده آمریکا]] |id=NCT04466085 |date=10 July 2020 |access-date=26 August 2020 |archive-date=28 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728095036/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04466085 |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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|locations=[[چونگ‌کینگ]] |
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|duration=Jun 2020{{Spaced ndash}}Sep 2021}} |
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|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (0)|expand=yes|}} |
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|- valign="top" |
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|'''Zorecimeran''' <small>(CVnCoV)</small><wbr/><br />[[CureVac]], [[Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations|CEPI]] |
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|[[واکسن ریبونوکلئیک اسید]] (unmodified RNA)<ref name=":32">{{Cite web|title=COVID-19|url=https://www.curevac.com/en/covid-19/|access-date=2020-12-21|publisher=CureVac}}</ref> |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=3|participants=36500|references=<ref name="2020-003998-22">{{cite web |title=COVID-19: A Phase 2b/3, Randomized, Observer-Blinded, Placebo Controlled, Multicenter Clinical Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Investigational SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine CVnCoV in Adults 18 Years of Age and Older |
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|url=https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2020-003998-22/DE |date=19 November 2020 |access-date=19 December 2020 |website=EU Clinical Trials Register |id=2020-003998-22}}</ref> |
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|description=Phase 2b/3: Multicenter efficacy and safety trial in adults |
|||
|locations=Argentina, Belgium, Colombia, Dominican Republic, France, Germany, Mexico, Netherlands, Panama, Peru, Spain |
|||
|duration=Nov 2020{{Spaced ndash}}? |
|||
}} |
|||
|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|endphase=2|participants=944|references=<ref name="NCT04449276">{{cite web |title=A Study to Evaluate the Safety, Reactogenicity and Immunogenicity of Vaccine CVnCoV in Healthy Adults |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04449276 |website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] |id=NCT04449276 |date=26 June 2020 |access-date=14 July 2020 |archive-date=11 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084840/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04449276/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="NCT04515147">{{cite web |title=A Dose-Confirmation Study to Evaluate the Safety, Reactogenicity and Immunogenicity of Vaccine CVnCoV in Healthy Adults |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04515147 |website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] |id=NCT04515147 |date=17 August 2020 |access-date=28 August 2020 |archive-date=23 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200823000237/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04515147 |url-status=live }}</ref> |
|||
|description=Phase 1 (284): Partially blind, controlled, dose-escalation to evaluate safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity.<br/>Phase 2a (660):Partially observer-blind, multicenter, controlled, dose-confirmation. |
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|locations=Belgium (P1), Germany (P1), Panama (2a), Peru (2a) |
|||
|duration=Jun 2020{{Spaced ndash}}Oct 2021 |
|||
}} |
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|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (0)|expand=yes|}} |
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|- valign="top" |
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|'''ZyCoV-D'''<wbr/><ref name=":4">{{Cite web|website=ctri.nic.in|publisher=[[Clinical Trials Registry – India|Clinical Trials Registry India]]|title=A prospective, randomized, adaptive, phase I/II clinical study to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of Novel Corona Virus −2019-nCov vaccine candidate of M/s Cadila Healthcare Limited by intradermal route in healthy subjects |id=CTRI/2020/07/026352 |url=http://www.ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/pmaindet2.php?trialid=45306|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201122022620/http://www.ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/pmaindet2.php?trialid=45306|archive-date=22 November 2020|date=15 December 2020}}</ref><br />[[Cadila Healthcare]] |
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|[[DNA vaccine]] ([[پلاسمید]] expressing [[کروناویروس سندرم شدید حاد تنفسی ۲]] [[S protein]]) |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=3|participants=26000|references=<ref>{{cite news |title=Coronavirus {{!}} Zydus Cadila gets DCGI nod to initiate Phase-3 clinical trials for COVID-19 vaccine |url=https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/health/zydus-cadila-gets-dcgi-nod-to-initiate-phase-3-clinical-trials-for-covid-19-vaccine/article33486423.ece |work=The Hindu |date=3 January 2021 }}</ref> |
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|locations=India<ref>{{cite news |title=DBT-BIRAC supported indigenously developed DNA Vaccine Candidate by Zydus Cadila, approved for Phase III clinical trials |url=https://pib.gov.in/Pressreleaseshare.aspx?PRID=1685838 |work=pib.gov.in |publisher=[[Press Information Bureau]] |date=3 January 2021}}</ref> |
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|duration=Jan 2021{{Spaced ndash}}? |
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}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|endphase=2|participants=1000 |description=Interventional; randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Rawat|first1=Kajal|last2=Kumari|first2=Puja|last3=Saha|first3=Lekha|date=24 November 2020|title=COVID-19 vaccine: A recent update in pipeline vaccines, their design and development strategies|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33245898|journal=European Journal of Pharmacology|volume=892|pages=173751|doi=10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173751|issn=1879-0712|pmc=7685956|pmid=33245898}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Thacker|first=Teena|title=Zydus Cadila to test ZyCoV-D on 30,000 patients in Phase-3 trials|work=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/healthcare/biotech/pharmaceuticals/zydus-cadila-to-test-zycov-d-on-30000-patients-in-phase-3-trials/articleshow/79088859.cms?from=mdr|access-date=16 December 2020}}</ref> |
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|locations=India |
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|duration=Jul 2020{{Spaced ndash}}Jan 2021 |
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}} |
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|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (0)|expand=yes|}} |
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|- valign="top" |
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|'''CoVLP'''<ref name=":6">{{Cite web|date=13 November 2020|title=GSK, Medicago launch phase 2/3 clinical trials of plant-derived COVID-19 vaccine|url=http://www.pmlive.com/pharma_news/gsk,_medicago_launch_phase_23_clinical_trials_of_plant-derived_covid-19_vaccine_1356854|access-date=16 November 2020|website=PMLive}}</ref><br/>[[Medicago Inc.|Medicago]], [[گلاکسواسمیت‌کلاین]] |
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|[[ذرات شبه‌ویروس]]s{{Efn|name="Medicago-technology"|Virus-like particles grown in ''[[نیکوتیان]]''<ref name="np-medicago">{{cite news | first=Vishwadha | last=Chander | work=National Post | agency=Reuters | title=Canada's Medicago begins human trials of plant-based COVID-19 vaccine | date=14 July 2020 | url=https://nationalpost.com/news/canada/canadas-medicago-begins-human-trials-of-plant-based-covid-19-vaccine | access-date=14 July 2020 | name-list-style=vanc | archive-date=1 November 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101220834/https://nationalpost.com/news/canada/canadas-medicago-begins-human-trials-of-plant-based-covid-19-vaccine | url-status=live }}</ref>}} ([[واکسن]], [[Plant expressed vaccine|plant-based]] with [[AS03]]) |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=2|endphase=3|participants=30,612 |
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|description=Event-driven, randomized, observer blinded, placebo-controlled<ref>{{Cite web|last=Medicago|date=18 November 2020|title=Randomized, Observer-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 2/3 Study to Assess the Safety, Efficacy, and Immunogenicity of a Recombinant Coronavirus-Like Particle COVID-19 Vaccine in Adults 18 Years of Age or Older|url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04636697 |website=Clinical Trials |access-date=26 November 2020}}</ref> |
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|locations=Canada |
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|duration=Nov 2020 {{Endash}} Apr 2022 |
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}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|participants=180 |
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|status=Neutralizing antibodies at day 42 after the first injection (day 21 after the second injection) were at levels 10x that of COVID-19 survivors. |
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}} |
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|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (0)|expand=yes|}} |
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|- valign="top" |
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|'''IIBR-100''' <small>(Brilife)</small><wbr/><ref name="NCT04608305">{{cite web |title=A Phase I/II Randomized, Multi-Center, Placebo-Controlled, Dose-Escalation Study to Evaluate the Safety, Immunogenicity and Potential Efficacy of an rVSV-SARS-CoV-2-S Vaccine (IIBR-100) in Adults |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04608305 |website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] |publisher=[[کتابخانه ملی پزشکی ایالات متحده آمریکا]] |id=NCT04608305 |date=1 November 2020}}</ref><br />[[Ministry of Health (Israel)|The Israel Institute for Biological research]] |
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|[[vesicular stomatitis virus|Vesicular stomatitis]] vector vaccine ([[واکسن]]) |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=2|participants=1000 |references=<ref>{{cite web |title=As Israel goes vaccine-wild, will the homegrown version lose its shot?|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/as-israel-goes-vaccine-wild-will-the-homegrown-version-lose-its-shot/|website=Times of Israel |date=29 December 2020|access-date=1 January 2021|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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|description= |
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|locations=Israel |
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|duration= Dec 2020{{Spaced ndash}}spring 2021 |
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}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|participants=80|references=<ref name="NCT04608305"/> |
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|description=Subjects (18-55 years old) randomly receiving a single administration of IIBR-100 at the low, mid, or high dose, or saline, or two administrations at a low dose, or saline, 28 days apart. |
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|locations=Israel |
|||
|duration= Oct{{Spaced ndash}}Nov 2020 |
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}} |
|||
|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (0)|expand=yes|}} |
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|- valign="top" |
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|'''[[FINLAY-FR-2]]''' <small>(SOBERANA 02)</small><wbr/><br />Instituto Finlay de Vacunas |
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|[[Conjugate vaccine]] <ref name="PLSoberana02">{{cite news |title= Cuban scientists start second phase of Soberana 02 vaccine |url= https://www.plenglish.com/index.php?o=rn&id=62954&SEO=cuban-scientists-start-second-phase-of-soberana-02-vaccine | publisher = [[Prensa Latina]] | date= 22 December 2020 | access-date = 22 January 2021}}</ref> |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=2|participants=910 |references= <ref name="Soberana_phaseII">{{cite web |title= SOBERANA 02A |url= https://rpcec.sld.cu/en/trials/RPCEC00000347-En |publisher= Registro Público Cubano de Ensayos Clínicos |date= 17 December 2020 | access-date = 22 January 2021}}</ref> |
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|description= Allocation: Randomized controlled trial. Masking: Double Blind. Control group: Placebo. Study design: Parallel. |
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|locations=Cuba |
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|duration= Jan {{Spaced ndash}} Mar 2021 |
|||
}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|participants=40|references=<ref name="Soberana_phaseI">{{cite web |title= SOBERANA 02 |url= https://rpcec.sld.cu/en/trials/RPCEC00000340-En |publisher= Registro Público Cubano de Ensayos Clínicos |date= 27 October 2020 | access-date = 22 January 2021}}</ref> |
|||
|description= Allocation: Non-randomized controlled trial. Masking: Open. Control group: Uncontrolled. Study design: Adaptive, sequential |
|||
|locations=Cuba |
|||
|duration= Nov 2020 {{Spaced ndash}} Jan 2021 |
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}} |
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|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (0)|expand=yes|}} |
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|- valign="top" |
|||
|'''INO-4800'''<wbr/>{{Efn|name="INO-4800-phase"|South Korean Phase I–II in parallel with Phase I in the US}}<ref name="NCT04336410">{{cite web |title=Safety, Tolerability and Immunogenicity of INO-4800 for COVID-19 in Healthy Volunteers |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04336410 |website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] |publisher=[[کتابخانه ملی پزشکی ایالات متحده آمریکا]] |id=NCT04336410 |date=7 April 2020 |access-date=14 July 2020 |archive-date=11 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084843/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04336410/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ivi.int/ivi-inovio-and-knih-to-partner-with-cepi-in-a-phase-i-ii-clinical-trial-of-inovios-covid-19-dna-vaccine-in-south-korea/|title=IVI, INOVIO, and KNIH to partner with CEPI in a Phase I/II clinical trial of INOVIO's COVID-19 DNA vaccine in South Korea|publisher=International Vaccine Institute|date=16 April 2020|access-date=23 April 2020}}</ref><br />[[Inovio Pharmaceuticals|Inovio]], [[Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations|CEPI]], [[Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|Korea National Institute of Health]], [[International Vaccine Institute]] |
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|[[DNA vaccine]] (plasmid delivered by [[الکتروپوراسیون]]) |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|endphase=2|participants=40 |
|||
|locations=United States, South Korea |
|||
|duration=Apr{{Endash}}Nov 2020 |
|||
}} |
|||
|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=pre |
|||
|status=Pending Phase I report.}} |
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|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (0)|expand=yes|}} |
|||
|- valign="top" |
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|''Unnamed''<wbr/><ref name="NCT04412538">{{cite web |title=Safety and Immunogenicity Study of an Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine for Preventing Against COVID-19 |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04412538 |website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] |publisher=[[کتابخانه ملی پزشکی ایالات متحده آمریکا]] |id=NCT04412538 |date=2 June 2020 |access-date=14 July 2020 |archive-date=11 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084852/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04412538/ |url-status=live }}</ref><br />[[Peking Union Medical College|Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences]] |
|||
|[[Inactivated vaccine|Inactivated]] [[کروناویروس سندرم شدید حاد تنفسی ۲]] vaccine |
|||
|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|endphase=2|participants=942|description=Randomized, double-blinded, single-center, placebo-controlled |
|||
|locations=[[چنگدو]] |
|||
|duration=Jun 2020{{Spaced ndash}}Sep 2021 |
|||
}} |
|||
|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=pre |
|||
|status=}} |
|||
|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|}} |
|||
|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (0)|expand=yes|}} |
|||
|- valign="top" |
|||
|'''AG0301-COVID‑19'''<wbr/><ref name="NCT04463472">{{cite web |title=Study of COVID-19 DNA Vaccine (AG0301-COVID19) |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04463472 |website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] |publisher=[[کتابخانه ملی پزشکی ایالات متحده آمریکا]] |id=NCT04463472 |date=9 July 2020 |access-date=14 July 2020 |archive-date=11 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084854/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04463472/ |url-status=live }}</ref><br />AnGes Inc.,<ref name="anges-inc">{{cite web |url=https://www.anges.co.jp/en/company/index.html |title=About AnGes – Introduction |website=AnGes, Inc. |access-date=1 August 2020 |archive-date=11 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084856/https://www.anges.co.jp/en/company/index.html/ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development|AMED]] |
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|[[DNA vaccine]] (plasmid) |
|||
|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|endphase=2|participants=30|description=Non-randomized, single-center, two doses |
|||
|locations=[[اوساکا]] |
|||
|duration=Jun 2020{{Spaced ndash}}Jul 2021 |
|||
}} |
|||
|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=pre |
|||
|status=}} |
|||
|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|}} |
|||
|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (0)|expand=yes|}} |
|||
|- valign="top" |
|||
|'''Lunar-COV19/ARCT-021'''<ref>{{Cite web|title=CTI and Arcturus Therapeutics Announce Initiation of Dosing of COVID-19 STARR™ mRNA Vaccine Candidate, LUNAR-COV19 (ARCT-021) in a Phase 1/2 study|url=https://www.bioindustry.org/news-listing/cti-and-arcturus-therapeutics-announce-initiation-of-dosing-of-covid-19-starr-mrna-vaccine-candidate-lunar-cov19-arct-021-in-a-phase-12-study.html|access-date=23 August 2020|date=13 August 2020|publisher=UK BioIndustry Association|archive-date=11 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084858/https://www.bioindustry.org/news-listing/cti-and-arcturus-therapeutics-announce-initiation-of-dosing-of-covid-19-starr-mrna-vaccine-candidate-lunar-cov19-arct-021-in-a-phase-12-study.html/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ascending Dose Study of Investigational SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine ARCT-021 in Healthy Adult Subjects|url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04480957|access-date=23 August 2020|website=clinicaltrials.gov|archive-date=11 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084910/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04480957/|url-status=live}}</ref><br />[[Arcturus Therapeutics]] |
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|[[واکسن ریبونوکلئیک اسید]] |
|||
|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|endphase=2|participants=92|description=Randomized, double-blinded |
|||
|locations=Singapore |
|||
|duration=Aug 2020{{Spaced ndash}}? |
|||
}} |
|||
|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=pre |
|||
|status=}} |
|||
|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|}} |
|||
|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (0)|expand=yes|}} |
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|- valign="top" |
|||
|'''[[VLA2001]]'''<ref name=precisionvaccinations-20201231>{{cite web |url=https://www.precisionvaccinations.com/vaccines/vla2001-covid-19-vaccine |title=VLA2001 COVID-19 Vaccine |website=Precision Vaccinations |date=31 December 2020 |access-date=11 January 2021}}</ref><ref name=clinicaltrials-20201230>{{cite web |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04671017 |title=Dose Finding Study to Evaluate Safety, Tolerability and Immunogenicity of an Inactiviated Adjuvanted Sars-Cov-2 Virus Vaccine Candidate Against Covid-19 in Healthy Adults |website=clinicaltrials.gov |publisher=U.S. National Library of Medicine |date=30 December 2020 |access-date=11 January 2021}}</ref><br />[[Valneva SE|Valneva]] |
|||
|[[Inactivated vaccine|Inactivated]] [[کروناویروس سندرم شدید حاد تنفسی ۲]] vaccine |
|||
|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|endphase=2|participants=150|description=Randomized, multi-center, double-blinded |
|||
|locations=United Kingdom |
|||
|duration=Dec 2020{{Spaced ndash}}Feb 2021 |
|||
}} |
|||
|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=pre |
|||
|status=}} |
|||
|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|}} |
|||
|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (0)|expand=yes|}} |
|||
|- valign="top" |
|||
|'''COVID‑19/aAPC'''<wbr/><ref name="NCT04299724">{{cite web |title=Safety and Immunity of Covid-19 aAPC Vaccine |website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04299724 |publisher=[[کتابخانه ملی پزشکی ایالات متحده آمریکا]] |id=NCT04299724 |date=9 March 2020 |access-date=14 July 2020 |archive-date=11 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084913/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04299724/ |url-status=live }}</ref><br />Shenzhen Genoimmune Medical Institute<ref name="shenzhen-genoimmune-medical-institute">{{cite web |url=http://www.szgimi.org/en/about.php |title=About Us |publisher=Shenzhen Genoimmune Medical Institute |access-date=1 August 2020 |archive-date=11 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084919/http://www.szgimi.org/en/about.php/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |
|||
|[[Lentiviral vector in gene therapy|Lentiviral vector]] vaccine (with [[minigene]] modifying [[Artificial antigen presenting cells|aAPCs]]) |
|||
|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|participants=100 |
|||
|locations=[[شنژن]] |
|||
|duration=Mar 2020{{Spaced ndash}}2023 |
|||
}} |
|||
|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=pre |
|||
|status=}} |
|||
|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|}} |
|||
|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (0)|expand=yes|}} |
|||
|- valign="top" |
|||
|'''LV-SMENP-DC'''<wbr/><ref name="NCT04276896">{{cite web |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04276896 |title=Immunity and Safety of Covid-19 Synthetic Minigene Vaccine |website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] |publisher=[[کتابخانه ملی پزشکی ایالات متحده آمریکا]] |id=NCT04276896 |date=19 February 2020 |access-date=14 July 2020 |archive-date=11 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084923/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04276896/ |url-status=live }}</ref><br />Shenzhen Genoimmune Medical Institute<ref name="shenzhen-genoimmune-medical-institute"/> |
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|[[Lentiviral vector in gene therapy|Lentiviral vector]] vaccine (with [[minigene]] modifying [[سلول‌های دندریتیک]]) |
|||
|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|participants=100 |
|||
|locations=[[شنژن]] |
|||
|duration=Mar 2020{{Spaced ndash}}2023 |
|||
}} |
|||
|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=pre |
|||
|status=}} |
|||
|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|}} |
|||
|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (0)|expand=yes|}} |
|||
|- valign="top" |
|||
|'''LNP-nCoVsaRNA'''<wbr/><ref name="ISRCTN17072692">{{cite journal |title=Clinical trial to assess the safety of a coronavirus vaccine in healthy men and women |website=ISRCTN |id=ISRCTN17072692 |doi=10.1186/ISRCTN17072692 |date=22 May 2020 |last1=Ward |first1=Denise |last2=McCormack |first2=Sheena |doi-access=free |name-list-style=vanc }}</ref><br />[[شورای تحقیقات پزشکی (انگلستان)]] [[clinical trials unit]] at [[امپریال کالج لندن]] |
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|[[واکسن ریبونوکلئیک اسید]] |
|||
|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|participants=105|description=Randomized trial, with dose escalation study (15) and expanded safety study (at least 200) |
|||
|locations=United Kingdom |
|||
|duration=Jun 2020{{Spaced ndash}}Jul 2021 |
|||
}} |
|||
|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=pre |
|||
|status=}} |
|||
|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|}} |
|||
|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (0)|expand=yes|}} |
|||
|- valign="top" |
|||
|'''GRAd-COV2'''<wbr/><ref name="NCT04528641">{{cite web |title=GRAd-COV2 Vaccine Against COVID-19 |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04528641 |website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] |publisher=[[کتابخانه ملی پزشکی ایالات متحده آمریکا]] |id=NCT04528641 |date=7 January 2021}}</ref><ref name=yahoo-20201124>{{cite news |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/reithera-announces-grad-cov2-covid-080000811.html |title=ReiThera Announces its GRAd-COV2 COVID-19 Vaccine Candidate is Well Tolerated and Induces Clear Immune Responses in Healthy Subjects Aged 18-55 Years |work=ReiThera Srl |publisher=Yahoo! Finance |date=24 November 2020 |access-date=12 January 2021}}</ref><br />ReiThera, [[Lazzaro Spallanzani National Institute for Infectious Diseases]] |
|||
|[[آدنوویروس]] [[Viral vector|vector]] vaccine (modified [[شامپانزه معمولی]] adenovirus vector, GRAd) |
|||
|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|participants=90|references=<ref>{{cite web|title=New ReiThera vaccine safe, response peak at 4 wks|url=https://www.ansa.it/english/news/2021/01/05/new-reithera-vaccine-safe-response-peak-at-4-wks_e3e715ed-2c5e-48c2-a7d7-7b24acc58875.html|date=5 January 2021|publisher=[[آجنزیا ناتزیوناله استامپا آسوچاتا]]}}</ref> |
|||
|description=Subjects (two groups: 18-55 and 65-85 years old) randomly receiving one of three escalating doses of GRAd-COV2 or a placebo, then monitored over a 24-week period. 92.5% of subjects who received GRAd-COV2 developed anti-bodies. |
|||
|locations=[[رم]] |
|||
|duration= Aug{{Spaced ndash}}Dec 2020 |
|||
}} |
|||
|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=pre |
|||
|status=}} |
|||
|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|}} |
|||
|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (0)|expand=yes|}} |
|||
|- valign="top" |
|||
|'''GX-19'''<wbr/><ref name="NCT04445389">{{cite web |title=Safety and Immunogenicity Study of GX-19, a COVID-19 Preventive DNA Vaccine in Healthy Adults |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04445389 |website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] |publisher=[[کتابخانه ملی پزشکی ایالات متحده آمریکا]] |id=NCT04445389 |date=24 June 2020 |access-date=14 July 2020 |archive-date=11 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084931/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04445389/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="gen-reut">{{cite news |title=S. Korea's Genexine begins human trial of coronavirus vaccine |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-genexine-vaccine-idUSL4N2DW1T3 |access-date=25 June 2020 |publisher=Reuters |date=19 June 2020 |archive-date=11 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084934/https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-genexine-vaccine-idUSL4N2DW1T3/ |url-status=live }}</ref><br />Genexine consortium,<ref>{{cite news |title=Genexine consortium's Covid-19 vaccine acquires approval for clinical trails in Korea |url=https://www.ivi.int/genexine-consortiums-covid-19-vaccine-acquires-approval-for-clinical-trails-in-korea/ |date=11 June 2020 |access-date=1 August 2020}}</ref> [[International Vaccine Institute]] |
|||
|[[DNA vaccine]] |
|||
|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|participants=40 |
|||
|locations=[[سئول]] |
|||
|duration=Jun 2020{{Spaced ndash}}Jun 2022 |
|||
}} |
|||
|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=pre |
|||
|status=}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|}} |
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|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (0)|expand=yes|}} |
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|- valign="top" |
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|'''SCB-2019'''<wbr/><ref name="NCT04405908">{{cite web |title=SCB-2019 as COVID-19 Vaccine |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04405908 |website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] |publisher=[[کتابخانه ملی پزشکی ایالات متحده آمریکا]] |id=NCT04405908 |date=28 May 2020 |access-date=14 July 2020 |archive-date=11 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084942/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04405908/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="clover-cta">{{cite web |title=Clover Biopharmaceuticals starts Phase I Covid-19 vaccine trial |url=https://www.clinicaltrialsarena.com/news/clover-vaccine-covid-19-trial/ |publisher=Clinical Trials Arena |access-date=25 June 2020 |date=20 June 2020 |archive-date=11 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084945/https://www.clinicaltrialsarena.com/news/clover-vaccine-covid-19-trial// |url-status=live }}</ref><br />Clover Biopharmaceuticals,<ref name="clover-biopharma">{{cite web |url=http://www.cloverbiopharma.com/index.php?m=content&c=index&a=lists&catid=12 |title=About Us |website=Clover Biopharmaceuticals |access-date=1 August 2020 |archive-date=11 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011084948/http://www.cloverbiopharma.com/index.php?m=content&c=index&a=lists&catid=12%2F |url-status=live }}</ref> [[گلاکسواسمیت‌کلاین]], [[Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations|CEPI]] |
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|[[Subunit vaccine]] ([[Peplomer|Spike protein]] [[Protein trimer|trimeric]] [[Protein subunit#Subunit Vaccines|subunit]] with [[AS03]]) |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|participants=150 |
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|locations=[[پرت (استرالیا)]] |
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|duration=Jun 2020{{Spaced ndash}}Mar 2021 |
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}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=pre |
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|status=}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|}} |
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|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (0)|expand=yes|}} |
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|- valign="top" |
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|'''COVAX-19'''<wbr/><ref name="NCT04453852">{{cite web |title=Monovalent Recombinant COVID19 Vaccine (COVAX19) |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04453852 |website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] |publisher=[[کتابخانه ملی پزشکی ایالات متحده آمریکا]] |id=NCT04453852 |date=1 July 2020 |access-date=14 July 2020 |archive-date=11 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011085001/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04453852/ |url-status=live }}</ref><br />Vaxine Pty Ltd<ref name="vaxine-pty">{{cite web |url=http://vaxine.net/ |title=Vaxine |access-date=1 August 2020 |archive-date=11 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011085004/https://vaxine.net// |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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|[[Subunit vaccine]] ([[واکسن]] [[پروتئین]]) |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|participants=40 |
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|locations=[[آدلاید]] |
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|duration=Jun 2020{{Spaced ndash}}Jul 2021 |
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}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=pre |
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|status=}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|}} |
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|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (0)|expand=yes|}} |
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|- valign="top" |
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|''Unnamed''<wbr/><ref name="ChiCTR2000034112">{{cite web |url=http://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=55524 |title=A Phase I clinical trial to evaluate the safety, tolerance and preliminary immunogenicity of different doses of a SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine in population aged 18–59 years and 60 years and above |website=Chinese Clinical Trial Register |id=ChiCTR2000034112 |date=24 June 2020 |access-date=6 July 2020 |archive-date=11 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011085018/http://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=55524%2F |url-status=live }}</ref><br />[[PLA Academy of Military Science]], Walvax Biotech<ref name="walvax">{{cite web |url=http://www.walvax.com/wosen/28.aspx |title=Company introduction |website=Walvax Biotechnology |access-date=1 August 2020 |archive-date=11 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011085028/http://www.walvax.com/wosen/28.aspx/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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|[[واکسن ریبونوکلئیک اسید]] |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|participants=168 |
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|locations=China |
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|duration=Jun 2020{{Spaced ndash}}Dec 2021 |
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}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=pre |
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|status=}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|}} |
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|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (0)|expand=yes|}} |
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|- valign="top" |
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|'''HGC019'''<wbr/><ref name="HGC019">{{cite web |title=Indigenous mRNA vaccine candidate supported by DBT gets Drug Controller nod to initiate Human clinical trials |url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1680031 |website=pib.gov.in |publisher=[[Press Information Bureau]] |access-date=13 January 2021}}</ref><br />Gennova Biopharmaceuticals, HDT Biotech Corporation<ref>{{cite web |title=mRNA Vaccines - HGC019 |url=https://gennova.bio/mrna-vaccines/ |website=Gennova Biopharmaceuticals Limited |access-date=13 January 2021}}</ref> |
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|[[واکسن ریبونوکلئیک اسید]] |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|participants=120|references=<ref>{{cite news |last1=Raghavan |first1=Prabha |title=Pune-based Gennova to begin human trials of its Covid vaccine 'soon' |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/pune-based-gennova-to-begin-human-trials-of-its-covid-vaccine-soon-7105081/ |work=The Indian Express |date=15 December 2020 }}</ref> |
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|locations=[[هند]] |
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|duration=Jan 2021{{Spaced ndash}} |
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}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=pre |
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|status=}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|}} |
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|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (0)|expand=yes|}} |
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|- valign="top" |
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|'''Bangavax''' <wbr/><ref name="bvax-ds">{{Cite web|website=thedailystar.net|publisher=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|The Daily Star]]|title=Bangavax Vaccine: Permission sought for clinical trial|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/frontpage/news/bangavax-vaccine-permission-sought-clinical-trial-2029445|date=18 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|website=arabnews.com|publisher=[[عرب نیوز]]|title=Bangladesh joins global COVID-19 vaccine race with Bongavax set for clinical trial|url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/1789016/world|date=8 January 2021}}</ref> Globe Biotech Ltd of Bangladesh |
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|[[واکسن ریبونوکلئیک اسید]] |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|participants=100|references=<ref name="bvax-ds"/><ref>{{Cite web|website=bdnews24.com|publisher=[[Bdnews24.com]]|title=Globe Biotech applies for approval to run clinical trial of COVID vaccine|url=https://bdnews24.com/health/2021/01/17/globe-biotech-applies-for-approval-to-run-clinical-trial-of-covid-vaccine|date=17 January 2021}}</ref>|description=Randomized, Parallel Group Trial |
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|locations=Bangladesh |
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|duration=Feb 2021{{Spaced ndash}}Feb 2022<ref>{{Cite web|website=newagebd.net|publisher=[[New Age (Bangladesh)|New Age]]|title=Globe Biotech seeks approval for vaccine trials|url=https://www.newagebd.net/article/127442/globe-biotech-applies-to-bmrc-for-vaccine-trial|date=17 January 2021}}</ref> |
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}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=pre |
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|status=}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|}} |
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|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (0)|expand=yes|}} |
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|- valign="top" |
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|''Unnamed''<wbr/><ref "name="CTRI/2020/11/029032>{{Cite web|website=ctri.nic.in|publisher=[[Clinical Trials Registry – India|Clinical Trials Registry India]]|title=A prospective open label randomised phase-I seamlessly followed by phase-II study to assess the safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity of Biological E's novel Covid-19 vaccine containing Receptor Binding Domain of SARS-CoV-2 for protection against Covid-19 disease when administered intramuscularly in a two dose schedule (0, 28D) to healthy volunteers. |id=CTRI/2020/11/029032 |url=http://www.ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/pmaindet2.php?trialid=48329|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112193905/http://www.ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/pmaindet2.php?trialid=48329|archive-date=12 November 2020|date=13 January 2021}}</ref><br />Biological E. Limited, [[کالج پزشکی بیلور]]<ref name="BioE">{{cite web |last1=Chui |first1=Molly |title=Biological E. Limited and Baylor COVID-19 vaccine begins clinical trial in India |url=https://www.bcm.edu/news/biological-e-limited-and-baylor-covid-19-vaccine-begins-clinical-trial-in-india |publisher=[[کالج پزشکی بیلور]] |date=16 November 2020 | name-list-style=vanc}}</ref> |
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|[[Inactivated vaccine|Inactivated]] [[کروناویروس سندرم شدید حاد تنفسی ۲]] vaccine (using an antigen) |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|endphase=2|participants=360|references=<ref>{{cite news |last1=Leo |first1=Leroy |title=Biological E initiates human trials of vaccine |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/biological-e-starts-human-trials-of-baylor-college-s-covid-19-vaccine-11605525030199.html |work=Mint |date=16 November 2020 }}</ref>|description=Randomized, Parallel Group Trial |
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|locations=India |
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|duration=Nov 2020{{Spaced ndash}}Feb 2021 |
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}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=pre |
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|status=}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|}} |
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|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (0)|expand=yes|}} |
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|- valign="top" |
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|'''Nano Covax'''<ref name="vietnamnews">{{cite news |last1= |first1= |title=VN starts injection of homegrown COVID-19 vaccine in first-stage human trial |url=https://vietnamnews.vn/society/830233/vn-starts-injection-of-homegrown-covid-19-vaccine-in-first-stage-human-trial.html |work=Viet Nam News |date=17 December 2020 }}</ref><br />Nanogen Pharmaceutical Biotechnology JSC |
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|[[واکسن]] [[spike protein]]<ref name="vov"/> |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|endphase=|participants=60|references=<ref name="vietnamnews"/> |
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|locations=[[ویتنام]] |
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|duration=Dec 2020{{Spaced ndash}}Jan 2021 |
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}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=pre |
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|status=Tested on mice, hamsters, and monkeys. Approved for human clinical trials by the [[Vietnam Ministry of Health]].<ref name="vov">{{cite news |last1= |first1= |title=How much does first Made-in Vietnam COVID-19 vaccine cost? |url=https://english.vov.vn/en/society/how-much-does-first-made-in-vietnam-covid-19-vaccine-cost-823392.vov |work=[[Voice of Vietnam]] |date=11 December 2020 }}</ref>}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|}} |
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|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (0)|expand=yes|}} |
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|- valign="top" |
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|'''PTX-COVID19-B'''<ref name="ptx-cbc">{{cite news |last1= |first1= |title=Made-in-Canada coronavirus vaccine starts human clinical trials |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/health/covid-19-vaccine-providence-1.5887613 |work=cbc.ca |date=26 January 2021 }}</ref><br />Providence Therapeutics |
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|[[واکسن ریبونوکلئیک اسید]] |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=1|endphase=|participants=60|references=<ref name="ptx-cbc"/> |
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|locations=[[کانادا]] |
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|duration=Jan 2021{{Spaced ndash}}May 2021 |
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}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=pre |
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|status=}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|}} |
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|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (0)|expand=yes|}} |
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|- valign="top" |
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|'''SARS-CoV-2 Sclamp'''/'''[[V451]]'''<wbr/><ref name="NCT04495933">{{cite web |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04495933 |title=A Study on the Safety, Tolerability and Immune Response of SARS-CoV-2 Sclamp (COVID-19) Vaccine in Healthy Adults |website=[[ClinicalTrials.gov]] |publisher=[[کتابخانه ملی پزشکی ایالات متحده آمریکا]] |id=NCT04495933 |date=3 August 2020 |access-date=4 August 2020 |archive-date=11 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011085041/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04495933/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":7">{{Cite web|title=UQ-CSL V451 Vaccine|url=https://www.precisionvaccinations.com/vaccines/uq-csl-v451-vaccine|access-date=11 December 2020|website=precisionvaccinations.com}}</ref><br />[[دانشگاه کوئینزلند]], [[Syneos Health]], [[Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations|CEPI]], [[CSL Limited#Seqirus (bioCSL)|Seqirus]] |
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|[[Subunit vaccine]] ([[molecular clamp]] stabilized [[Peplomer|spike protein]] with [[MF59]]) |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|phase=terminated|participants=120 |
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|description=Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging. |
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|status=False positive HIV test found among participants. |
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|locations=[[بریزبن]] |
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|duration=Jul{{Endash}}Oct 2020 |
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}} |
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|{{ClinicalStudyInfo|align=left|}} |
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|{{Collapsible list|title=Emergency (0)|expand=yes|}} |
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|- valign="top" |
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|'''V590'''<ref>{{cite web | title=Dose Ranging Trial to Assess Safety and Immunogenicity of V590 (COVID-19 Vaccine) in Healthy Adults (V590-001) - Full Text View | website=ClinicalTrials.gov | date=30 September 2020 | url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04569786 | access-date=26 January 2021}}</ref> and '''V591/MV-SARS-CoV-2'''<ref>{{cite web | title=A Study to Assess Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of V591 (COVID-19 Vaccine) in Healthy Participants (V591-001) - Full Text View | website=ClinicalTrials.gov | date=4 August 2020 | url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04498247 | access-date=26 January 2021}}</ref> [[مرک اند کو.]] (Themis BIOscience), [[انستیتو پاستور]], University of Pittsburgh’s Center for Vaccine Research (CVR), [[Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations|CEPI]] |
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| |
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|Terminated<ref>{{cite press release | title=Merck Discontinues Development of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 Vaccine Candidates; Continues Development of Two Investigational Therapeutic Candidates | website=Merck | url=https://www.merck.com/news/merck-discontinues-development-of-sars-cov-2-covid-19-vaccine-candidates-continues-development-of-two-investigational-therapeutic-candidates/ | date=25 January 2021 | access-date=25 January 2021}}</ref> |
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| |
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|} |
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{{notelist-la}} |
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=== Efficacy === |
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[[File:BNT162b2_vaccine_efficacy_data.png|thumb|upright=1.2|Cumulative incidence curves for symptomatic COVID‑19 infections after the first dose of the Pfizer–BioNTech vaccine (tozinameran) or placebo in a double-blind clinical trial. (red: placebo; blue: tozinameran)<ref>{{cite web|date=10 December 2020|title=FDA Briefing Document: Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine|url=https://www.fda.gov/media/144245/download|access-date=1 January 2021|publisher=U.S. Food and Drug Administration|format=PDF}}</ref>]] |
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The effectiveness of a new vaccine is defined by [[Vaccine efficacy|its efficacy]].<ref name="NYT-20201120">{{cite news|last=Zimmer|first=Carl|author-link=Carl Zimmer|date=20 November 2020|title=2 Companies Say Their Vaccines Are 95% Effective. What Does That Mean? You might assume that 95 out of every 100 people vaccinated will be protected from Covid-19. But that's not how the math works.|work=[[نیویورک تایمز]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/20/health/covid-vaccine-95-effective.html|access-date=21 November 2020}}</ref> In the case of COVID‑19, a vaccine [[Intrinsic activity|efficacy]] of 67% may be enough to slow the pandemic, but this assumes that the vaccine confers [[sterilizing immunity]], which is necessary to prevent transmission. Vaccine efficacy reflects disease prevention, a poor indicator of transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 since asymptomatic people can be highly infectious.<ref name="RandolphHE2020May">{{cite journal|vauthors=Randolph HE, Barreiro LB|date=May 2020|title=Herd Immunity: Understanding COVID-19|url=|journal=Immunity|volume=52|issue=5|pages=737–741|doi=10.1016/j.immuni.2020.04.012|pmc=7236739|pmid=32433946}}</ref> The US [[سازمان غذا و دارو (آمریکا)]] (FDA) and the [[آژانس دارویی اروپا]] (EMA) set a cutoff of 50% as the efficacy required to approve a COVID‑19 vaccine.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The FDA's cutoff for Covid-19 vaccine effectiveness is 50 percent. What does that mean?|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/fda-s-cutoff-covid-19-vaccine-effectiveness-50-percent-what-n1245506|access-date=2021-01-08|website=NBC News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=EMA sets 50% efficacy goal – with flexibility – for COVID vaccines|url=https://www.raps.org/news-and-articles/news-articles/2020/11/for-ema-50-efficacy-with-flexibility-is-goal-for-c|access-date=2021-01-08|website=www.raps.org}}</ref> As of 7 January, authorized and approved vaccines have shown efficacies ranging from 62–90% for [[ای‌زددی۱۲۲۲]] (various dosage regimens) to 95% for the [[واکسن کووید-۱۹ فایزر–بیوان‌تک]].<ref name="Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine FDA label">{{cite web|title=Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine- rna ingredient bnt-162b2 injection, suspension|url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=908ecbe7-2f1b-42dd-94bf-f917ec3c5af8|access-date=14 December 2020|website=DailyMed}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Information about the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine|url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/different-vaccines/Pfizer-BioNTech.html|access-date=18 January 2021|website=[[مرکز کنترل و پیشگیری بیماری]] (CDC)}}</ref> [[BBV152]] has not published efficacy results as of 7 January.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Corum|first=Jonathan|last2=Zimmer|first2=Carl|date=2021-01-05|title=How Nine Covid-19 Vaccines Work|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/health/how-covid-19-vaccines-work.html|access-date=2021-01-08|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> With [[BBIBP-CorV]], Sinopharm announced a vaccine's efficacy was 79.34%, which was lower than the 86% announced by the United Arab Emirates (UAE) on 9 December. The UAE based its results on an interim analysis of Phase III trials conducted from July.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Nectar Gan|title=China's Sinopharm says its coronavirus vaccine is 79% effective|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/12/30/asia/china-sinopharm-vaccine-efficacy-intl-hnk/index.html|access-date=2020-12-30|website=CNN}}</ref> With [[کروناواک]], after three delays in releasing results,<ref name="reut_Braz2">{{Cite web|last=Fonseca|first=Pedro|title=Brazil institute says CoronaVac efficacy above 50%, but delays full results|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-sinovac-brazil/brazil-institute-says-coronavac-efficacy-above-50-but-delays-full-results-idUSKBN28X2CR|access-date=25 December 2020|publisher=[[رویترز]]|df=mdy-all}}</ref> [[Instituto Butantan]] announced in January 2021 that the vaccine was 78% effective in mild cases and 100% effective against severe and moderate infections based on 220 COVID‑19 cases from 13,000 volunteers. Butantan declined to elaborate how the efficacy rate was calculated.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-01-07|title=Sinovac's Covid Shot Proves 78% Effective in Brazil Trial|work=Bloomberg|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-01-07/sinovac-covid-shot-78-effective-in-brazil-trial-folha-reports|access-date=2021-01-07}}</ref> The efficacy of the [[واکسن کووید-۱۹ مدرنا]] is 95.6% for those aged 18 to 64.<ref name="Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine FDA label">{{cite web|title=Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine- cx-024414 injection, suspension|url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=e0651c7a-2fe2-459d-a766-0d59e919f058|access-date=20 December 2020|website=DailyMed}}</ref> |
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====SARS-CoV-2 variants==== |
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{{اصلی|Variants of SARS-CoV-2}} |
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{{گسترش بخش|date=January 2021}} |
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In mid-December 2020, a new [[Variants of SARS-CoV-2|SARS-CoV-2 variant]] ([[VOC-202012/01]]) was identified in the UK. While preliminary data indicates that this variant showed an estimated increase in [[عدد سرایت پایه]] (R) by 0.4 or greater and increased transmissibility of up to 70%, there is as yet no evidence for lower vaccine effectiveness.<ref>[https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/sites/default/files/documents/SARS-CoV-2-variant-multiple-spike-protein-mutations-United-Kingdom.pdf "Rapid increase of a SARS-CoV-2 variant with multiple spike protein mutations observed in the United Kingdom"]. (Threat Assessment Brief). Europa (web portal). Retrieved 22 December 2020.</ref> |
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A South African variant (501.V2) has also emerged, which is believed to be more contagious and cause much more serious illness for most people who become infected.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/health-55534727 "South Africa coronavirus variant: What is the risk?"]. Retrieved 26 January 2021.</ref> |
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Early results suggest that both the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines protect against the UK variant.<ref>[https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/covid-19/435174/moderna-vaccine-appears-to-work-against-variants "Moderna vaccine appears to work against variants"]. Retrieved 26 January 2021.</ref> However they are less effective against the South Africa variant, with Moderna reporting that the current vaccine produced only one-sixth of the antibodies in response to the South African variant compared with the original virus. They have launched a trial of a new vaccine to tackle the South African variant.<ref>[https://www.ft.com/content/c0c8f72c-e58e-4319-80c4-0db153ad85db "Moderna develops new vaccine to tackle mutant Covid strain"]. Retrieved 26 January 2021.</ref> |
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=== Formulation === |
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{{تا تاریخ|2020|September}}, eleven of the vaccine candidates in clinical development use adjuvants to enhance immunogenicity.<ref name="thanh2" /> An [[immunological adjuvant]] is a substance formulated with a vaccine to elevate the immune response to an [[آنتی‌ژن]], such as the COVID‑19 virus or influenza virus.<ref name="tregoning">{{cite journal|last1=Tregoning|first1=John S.|last2=Russell|first2=Ryan F.|last3=Kinnear|first3=Ekaterina|date=25 January 2018|title=Adjuvanted influenza vaccines|journal=Human Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics|volume=14|issue=3|pages=550–64|doi=10.1080/21645515.2017.1415684|issn=2164-5515|pmc=5861793|pmid=29232151|name-list-style=vanc}}</ref> Specifically, an adjuvant may be used in formulating a COVID‑19 vaccine candidate to boost its immunogenicity and efficacy to reduce or prevent COVID‑19 infection in vaccinated individuals.<ref name="tregoning" /><ref name="wang">{{cite journal|last1=Wang|first1=Jieliang|last2=Peng|first2=Ying|last3=Xu|first3=Haiyue|last4=Cui|first4=Zhengrong|last5=Williams|first5=Robert O.|date=5 August 2020|title=The COVID-19 vaccine race: Challenges and opportunities in vaccine formulation|journal=AAPS PharmSciTech|volume=21|issue=6|page=225|doi=10.1208/s12249-020-01744-7|issn=1530-9932|pmc=7405756|pmid=32761294|name-list-style=vanc}}</ref> Adjuvants used in COVID‑19 vaccine formulation may be particularly effective for technologies using the inactivated COVID‑19 virus and recombinant protein-based or vector-based vaccines.<ref name="wang" /> [[آلومینیوم]], known as "alum", were the first adjuvant used for licensed vaccines, and are the adjuvant of choice in some 80% of adjuvanted vaccines.<ref name="wang" /> The alum adjuvant initiates diverse molecular and cellular mechanisms to enhance immunogenicity, including release of proinflammatory cytokines.<ref name="tregoning" /><ref name="wang" /> |
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== جستارهای وابسته == |
== جستارهای وابسته == |
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نسخهٔ ۲۷ ژانویهٔ ۲۰۲۱، ساعت ۲۰:۳۳
| بخشی از مجموعه مقالات درباره |
| دنیاگیری کووید-۱۹ |
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 درگاه ویروس |
واکسن بیماری کروناویروس ۲۰۱۹ هر یک از فناوری‌های واکسن متعددی است که هدف از آن تأمین ایمنی اکتسابی علیه بیماری کروناویروس ۲۰۱۹ (کووید‑۱۹) است. کارهایی که در گذشته به منظور تهیهٔ واکسن علیه بیماری‌های کروناویروسی نشانگان تنفسی حاد و نشانگان تنفسی خاورمیانه انجام شد دانش در مورد ساختار و عملکرد کروناویروس‌ها را پایه‌ریزی کرد، و به توسعه پلتفرم‌های فناورانه گوناگون برای واکسن کووید-۱۹ در اوایل سال ۲۰۲۰ شتاب داد.[۱]
تا اکتبر ۲۰۲۰، بیش از ۳۲۱ واکسن کاندید در سطح جهان در حال توسعه بوده‌اند که ۲٫۵ برابر نسبت به آوریل بیشتر است.[۲] در نوامبر، ۵۶ واکسن کاندید در حال پژوهش بالینی بودند: ۴۱ واکسن در فاز آزمایش‌های ۱–۲ و ۱۵ تا فاز 2-3.[۲][۳][۴][۵] به هر روی، هیچ واکسن کاندیدی هنوز به‌طور کامل آزمایش‌های فاز ۳ را پشت سر نگذرانده‌است. در نوامبر ۲۰۲۰، فایزر[۶] مدرنا[۷] دانشگاه آکسفورد (در همکاری با آسترازنکا),[۸][۹] نتایج مثبتی از تحلیل‌های آزمایش‌های مقدماتی فاز ۳ واکسن شان اعلام کردند.
سازمان جهانی بهداشت (WHO)، ائتلاف نوآوری‌های آمادگی همه‌گیری (CEPI) و بنیاد بیل و ملیندا گیتس (GF) برای این احتمال که واکسن‌های متعددی به منظور جلوگیری از از ادامه عفونت کووید-۱۹ مورد نیاز خواهد بود متعهد پول و منابع سازمانی شده‌اند.[۱۰]
در فوریه سال ۲۰۲۰، سازمان بهداشت جهانی (WHO) اعلام کرد که انتظار نمی‌رود واکسنی علیه کروناویروس سندرم حاد تنفسی ۲ (SARS-CoV-2)، ویروس ایجاد کننده این بیماری، در مدت کمتر از ۱۸ ماه عرضه شود.[۱۱] نظر ائتلاف برای نوآوری‌های آمادگی اپیدمی (CEPI) که برای سرمایه‌گذاری سریع و توسعه کاندیداهای واکسن، یک صندوق ۲ دلار آمریکا میلیارد دلاری در سراسر جهان سازماندهی می‌کند[۱۲] در ماه آوریل حاکی از آن بود که واکسنی تحت پروتکل‌های استفادهٔ اضطراری در کمتر از ۱۲ ماه یا در اوایل سال ۲۰۲۱ ممکن است در دسترس باشد.[۱۳]
تا ماه مه، ۱۲۰ نامزد واکسن در حال توسعه بودند،[۱۳][۱۴] که پنج تا در فاز مطالعات ایمنی و کارایی در افراد انسانی I-II، و شش تا در فاز I آزمایش‌ها بودند.
واکسن
واکسن های مجاز و تایید شده
نهادهای ملی تاکنون به نه واکسن جواز استفاده اضطراری داده اند. سه تا از این ها از سوی نهادهای نظارتی سختگیر تایید شده اند.
| واکسن، توسعه دهنده/حامی | فناوری | فاز کنونی (شرکت کنندگان) | Completed phase[الف] (participants) | Authorization |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| واکسن کووید-۱۹ فایزر–بیوان‌تک (Comirnaty) بیوان‌تک, فایزر, داروسازی فوسان |
واکسن ریبونوکلئیک اسید (modRNA به صورت کپسول در lipid nanoparticleها) | فاز III (۴۳,۴۴۸) Randomized, placebo-controlled. نتایج مثبت در تحلیل موقت در 18 نوامبر 2020 اعلام[۱۸]و گزارش درباره اثربخشی 95% در 10 دسامبر 2020 منتشر شد.[۱۹][۲۰] مکان(ها): Germany, United States مدت : Jul 2020 – Nov 2020[۲۱][۲۲] |
فاز I–II (۴۵) Strong RBD-binding پادتن جی and neutralizing antibody response peaked 7 days after a دوز یادآور, robust CD4+ and CD8+ لنفوسیت تی responses, undetermined durability.[۲۳] مدت : May 2020 – |
Emergency (22) |
| واکسن کووید-۱۹ مدرنا مدرنا, مؤسسه ملی آلرژی و بیماری‌های عفونی, BARDA, CEPI |
واکسن ریبونوکلئیک اسید (modRNA encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles) | فاز III (۳۰٬۰۰۰) Interventional; randomized, placebo-controlled study for efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity. Positive results from an interim analysis were announced on 15 November 2020[۶۷] and published on 30 December 2020 reporting an overall efficacy of 94.1%.[۶۸] مکان(ها): United States مدت : Jul 2020 – Oct 2022 |
فاز I–II (۷۲۰) Dose-dependent neutralizing antibody response on two-dose schedule; undetermined durability.[۷۱][۷۲][۷۳] مکان(ها): United States مدت : Mar 2020 – Nov 2021 |
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| ای‌زددی۱۲۲۲ دانشگاه آکسفورد, آسترازنکا, CEPI |
آدنوویروس vector vaccine (modified شامپانزه معمولی adenovirus vector, ChAdOx1) | فاز III (۳۰٬۰۰۰) Interventional; کارآزمایی تصادفی کنترل‌شده for efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity.[۹۵] Positive results from an interim analysis of four ongoing trials were announced on 23 November 2020 and published on 8 December 2020. Overall efficacy was 70%, ranging from 62% to 90% with different dosing regimens, with a peer-reviewed safety profile.[۹۶] مکان(ها): Brazil (5,000),[۹۷] United Kingdom, India[۹۸] مدت : May 2020 – Aug 2021 |
فاز I–II (۵۴۳) Spike-specific antibodies at day 28; neutralizing antibodies after a دوز یادآور at day 56.[۹۹] |
Emergency (18) Full (0)
|
| اسپوتنیک ۵ (Sputnik V) Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology |
آدنوویروس vector vaccine | فاز III (۴۰,۰۰۰) Randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled to evaluate efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety.[۱۲۰] Manufacturer claims 91.4% efficacy based on data analysis of the final control point of clinical trials, and 100% against severe cases.[۱۲۱] مکان(ها): Russia, Belarus,[۱۲۲] India,[۱۲۳][۱۲۴] Venezuela,.[۱۲۵] UAE[۱۲۶] مدت : Aug 2020 – May 2021 |
فاز I–II (۷۶) Neutralizing antibody and لنفوسیت تی responses.[۱۲۷] مکان(ها): Russia مدت : Jun 2020[۱۲۷] – Sep 2020 |
Emergency (15) Full (0)
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| BBIBP-CorV Sinopharm: Beijing Institute of Biological Products, Wuhan Institute of Biological Products |
Inactivated کروناویروس سندرم شدید حاد تنفسی ۲ vaccine (vero cells) | فاز III (۴۸٬۰۰۰) Randomized, double-blind, parallel placebo-controlled, to evaluate safety and protective efficacy. Sinopharm's internal analysis indicated a 79% efficacy.[۱۴۳] مکان(ها): United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Jordan,[۱۴۴] Argentina,[۱۴۵] Morocco,[۱۴۶] Peru[۱۴۷] مدت : Jul 2020 – Jul 2021 |
فاز I–II (۳۲۰) Neutralizing antibodies at day 14 after 2 injections[۱۴۸] مکان(ها): China مدت : Apr 2020 – Jun 2020 |
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| کروناواک[۱۵۸][۱۵۹][۱۶۰] Sinovac |
Inactivated کروناویروس سندرم شدید حاد تنفسی ۲ vaccine | فاز III (۳۳,۶۲۰) Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled to evaluate efficacy and safety. Positive results from an interim analysis of a small sample were announced by ترکیه on 24 December 2020, with an efficacy of 91%.[۱۶۱] Additional results were announced by اندونزی on 11 January, with an overall efficacy of 65.3%.[۱۶۲] The vaccine was 50.4% effective at preventing symptomatic infections in a Brazilian trial.[۱۶۳] مکان(ها): Brazil (15,000);[۱۶۴] Chile (3,000);[۱۶۵] Indonesia (1,620); Turkey (13,000)[۱۶۶] مدت : Jul 2020 – Oct 2021 in Brazil; Aug 2020 – Jan 2021 in Indonesia |
فاز II (۶۰۰) Immunogenicity eliciting 92% seroconversion at lower dose and 98% at higher dose after 14 days[۱۶۷] مکان(ها): China مدت : May 2020 – |
Full (0)
|
| Ad5-nCoV (Convidicea) CanSino Biologics, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences |
آدنوویروس vector vaccine (واکسن adenovirus سروتیپ 5 vector) | فاز III (۴۰,۰۰۰) Global multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled to evaluate efficacy, safety and immunogenicity. مکان(ها): China, Argentina, Chile,[۱۷۳] Mexico,[۱۷۴] Pakistan,[۱۷۵] Russia,[۱۷۶] Saudi Arabia[۱۷۷][۱۷۸] مدت : Mar. – Dec. 2020, China; Sep. 2020 – Dec. 2021, Pakistan; Sep. 2020 – Nov. 2020, Russia[۱۷۶] |
فاز II (۵۰۸) Neutralizing antibody and لنفوسیت تی responses[۱۷۹] |
Full (0)
|
| EpiVacCorona Vector |
Peptide vaccine[۱۸۲] | فاز III (۴۰,۰۰۰) Randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled to evaluate efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety مکان(ها): Russia[۱۸۳] مدت : Nov 2020 – Dec 2021 |
فاز I–II (۱۰۰) Simple, blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study of safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity[۱۸۲] مکان(ها): Russia مدت : Jul 2020[۱۸۲] – Sep 2020[۱۸۴] |
Full (0)
|
| BBV152 (Covaxin) Bharat Biotech, Indian Council of Medical Research |
کروناویروس سندرم شدید حاد تنفسی ۲ vaccine | فاز III (۲۵٬۸۰۰) Randomised, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled[۱۸۷] مکان(ها): India[۱۸۸] مدت : Nov 2020 – Mar 2021 |
فاز I (۳۷۵) Dose-dependent neutralizing antibody response on two-dose schedule. Pending Phase II reports.[۱۸۹] |
Emergency (1)
Full (0)
|
Vaccine candidates
| Vaccine candidates, developers, and sponsors |
Technology | Current phase (participants) design |
Completed phase[ث] (participants) Immune response |
Pending authorization | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ad26.COV2.S[۱۹۰][۱۹۱] جانسن فارماسیوتیکا (جانسون و جانسون), BIDMC |
آدنوویروس vector vaccine (adenovirus serotype 26) | فاز III (۴۰,۰۰۰) Randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled مکان(ها): United States, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, the Philippines, South Africa and Ukraine مدت : Jul 2020 – 2023 |
فاز I–II (۱,۰۴۵) Neutralizing-antibody titers against wild-type virus were detected in 90% or more of all participants on day 29 after the first vaccine dose and reached 100% by day 57 with a further increase in titers, regardless of vaccine dose or age group. Titers remained stable until at least day 71.[۱۹۲] |
||
| NVX-CoV2373 Novavax, CEPI |
Subunit vaccine (کروناویروس سندرم شدید حاد تنفسی ۲ واکسن spike protein نانوذره with adjuvant) | فاز III (۴۵,۰۰۰) Randomised, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled trial[۱۹۴] مکان(ها): UK (15,000); US, Mexico (30,000)[۱۹۵] مدت : Sep 2020 – Jan 2021 (UK); Dec 2020 – Mar 2021 (US, Mexico) |
فاز I–II (۱۳۱) پادتن جی and neutralizing antibody response with adjuvant after دوز یادآور.[۱۹۶] |
||
| ZF2001 (RBD-Dimer)[۳] Anhui Zhifei Longcom Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd. |
Subunit vaccine (واکسن) | فاز III (۲۹,۰۰۰) Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled[۱۹۷] مکان(ها): China, Ecuador, Indonesia, Malaysia, Pakistan, Uzbekistan[۱۹۸][۱۹۹] مدت : Dec 2020 – Apr 2022 |
فاز II (۹۰۰) Interventional; randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled[۲۰۰] مکان(ها): چونگ‌کینگ مدت : Jun 2020 – Sep 2021 |
||
| Zorecimeran (CVnCoV) CureVac, CEPI |
واکسن ریبونوکلئیک اسید (unmodified RNA)[۲۰۱] | فاز III (۳۶٬۵۰۰) Phase 2b/3: Multicenter efficacy and safety trial in adults مکان(ها): Argentina, Belgium, Colombia, Dominican Republic, France, Germany, Mexico, Netherlands, Panama, Peru, Spain مدت : Nov 2020 – ? |
فاز I–II (۹۴۴) Phase 1 (284): Partially blind, controlled, dose-escalation to evaluate safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity. Phase 2a (660):Partially observer-blind, multicenter, controlled, dose-confirmation. مکان(ها): Belgium (P1), Germany (P1), Panama (2a), Peru (2a) مدت : Jun 2020 – Oct 2021 |
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| ZyCoV-D Cadila Healthcare |
DNA vaccine (پلاسمید expressing کروناویروس سندرم شدید حاد تنفسی ۲ S protein) | فاز III (۲۶٬۰۰۰) مکان(ها): India[۲۰۷] مدت : Jan 2021 – ? |
فاز I–II (۱٬۰۰۰) Interventional; randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled[۲۰۸][۲۰۹] مکان(ها): India مدت : Jul 2020 – Jan 2021 |
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| CoVLP[۲۱۰] Medicago, گلاکسواسمیت‌کلاین |
ذرات شبه‌ویروسs[ج] (واکسن, plant-based with AS03) | فاز II–III (۳۰,۶۱۲) Event-driven, randomized, observer blinded, placebo-controlled[۲۱۲] مکان(ها): Canada مدت : Nov 2020 – Apr 2022 |
فاز I (۱۸۰) Neutralizing antibodies at day 42 after the first injection (day 21 after the second injection) were at levels 10x that of COVID-19 survivors. |
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| IIBR-100 (Brilife) The Israel Institute for Biological research |
Vesicular stomatitis vector vaccine (واکسن) | فاز II (۱٬۰۰۰) مکان(ها): Israel مدت : Dec 2020 – spring 2021 |
فاز I (۸۰) Subjects (18-55 years old) randomly receiving a single administration of IIBR-100 at the low, mid, or high dose, or saline, or two administrations at a low dose, or saline, 28 days apart. مکان(ها): Israel مدت : Oct – Nov 2020 |
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| FINLAY-FR-2 (SOBERANA 02) Instituto Finlay de Vacunas |
Conjugate vaccine [۲۱۵] | فاز II (۹۱۰) Allocation: Randomized controlled trial. Masking: Double Blind. Control group: Placebo. Study design: Parallel. مکان(ها): Cuba مدت : Jan – Mar 2021 |
فاز I (۴۰) Allocation: Non-randomized controlled trial. Masking: Open. Control group: Uncontrolled. Study design: Adaptive, sequential مکان(ها): Cuba مدت : Nov 2020 – Jan 2021 |
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| INO-4800 Inovio, CEPI, Korea National Institute of Health, International Vaccine Institute |
DNA vaccine (plasmid delivered by الکتروپوراسیون) | فاز I–II (۴۰) مکان(ها): United States, South Korea مدت : Apr–Nov 2020 |
پیشاکلینیکی Pending Phase I report. |
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| Unnamed Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences |
Inactivated کروناویروس سندرم شدید حاد تنفسی ۲ vaccine | فاز I–II (۹۴۲) Randomized, double-blinded, single-center, placebo-controlled مکان(ها): چنگدو مدت : Jun 2020 – Sep 2021 |
پیشاکلینیکی |
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| AG0301-COVID‑19 AnGes Inc.,[۲۲۲] AMED |
DNA vaccine (plasmid) | فاز I–II (۳۰) Non-randomized, single-center, two doses مکان(ها): اوساکا مدت : Jun 2020 – Jul 2021 |
پیشاکلینیکی |
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| Lunar-COV19/ARCT-021[۲۲۳][۲۲۴] Arcturus Therapeutics |
واکسن ریبونوکلئیک اسید | فاز I–II (۹۲) Randomized, double-blinded مکان(ها): Singapore مدت : Aug 2020 – ? |
پیشاکلینیکی |
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| VLA2001[۲۲۵][۲۲۶] Valneva |
Inactivated کروناویروس سندرم شدید حاد تنفسی ۲ vaccine | فاز I–II (۱۵۰) Randomized, multi-center, double-blinded مکان(ها): United Kingdom مدت : Dec 2020 – Feb 2021 |
پیشاکلینیکی |
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| COVID‑19/aAPC Shenzhen Genoimmune Medical Institute[۲۲۸] |
Lentiviral vector vaccine (with minigene modifying aAPCs) | فاز I (۱۰۰) مکان(ها): شنژن مدت : Mar 2020 – 2023 |
پیشاکلینیکی |
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| LV-SMENP-DC Shenzhen Genoimmune Medical Institute[۲۲۸] |
Lentiviral vector vaccine (with minigene modifying سلول‌های دندریتیک) | فاز I (۱۰۰) مکان(ها): شنژن مدت : Mar 2020 – 2023 |
پیشاکلینیکی |
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| LNP-nCoVsaRNA شورای تحقیقات پزشکی (انگلستان) clinical trials unit at امپریال کالج لندن |
واکسن ریبونوکلئیک اسید | فاز I (۱۰۵) Randomized trial, with dose escalation study (15) and expanded safety study (at least 200) مکان(ها): United Kingdom مدت : Jun 2020 – Jul 2021 |
پیشاکلینیکی |
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| GRAd-COV2 ReiThera, Lazzaro Spallanzani National Institute for Infectious Diseases |
آدنوویروس vector vaccine (modified شامپانزه معمولی adenovirus vector, GRAd) | فاز I (۹۰) Subjects (two groups: 18-55 and 65-85 years old) randomly receiving one of three escalating doses of GRAd-COV2 or a placebo, then monitored over a 24-week period. 92.5% of subjects who received GRAd-COV2 developed anti-bodies. مکان(ها): رم مدت : Aug – Dec 2020 |
پیشاکلینیکی |
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| GX-19 Genexine consortium,[۲۳۶] International Vaccine Institute |
DNA vaccine | فاز I (۴۰) مکان(ها): سئول مدت : Jun 2020 – Jun 2022 |
پیشاکلینیکی |
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| SCB-2019 Clover Biopharmaceuticals,[۲۳۹] گلاکسواسمیت‌کلاین, CEPI |
Subunit vaccine (Spike protein trimeric subunit with AS03) | فاز I (۱۵۰) مکان(ها): پرت (استرالیا) مدت : Jun 2020 – Mar 2021 |
پیشاکلینیکی |
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| COVAX-19 Vaxine Pty Ltd[۲۴۱] |
Subunit vaccine (واکسن پروتئین) | فاز I (۴۰) مکان(ها): آدلاید مدت : Jun 2020 – Jul 2021 |
پیشاکلینیکی |
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| Unnamed PLA Academy of Military Science, Walvax Biotech[۲۴۳] |
واکسن ریبونوکلئیک اسید | فاز I (۱۶۸) مکان(ها): China مدت : Jun 2020 – Dec 2021 |
پیشاکلینیکی |
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| HGC019 Gennova Biopharmaceuticals, HDT Biotech Corporation[۲۴۵] |
واکسن ریبونوکلئیک اسید | فاز I (۱۲۰) مکان(ها): هند مدت : Jan 2021 – |
پیشاکلینیکی |
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| Bangavax |
واکسن ریبونوکلئیک اسید | فاز I (۱۰۰) Randomized, Parallel Group Trial مکان(ها): Bangladesh مدت : Feb 2021 – Feb 2022[۲۵۰] |
پیشاکلینیکی |
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| Unnamed Biological E. Limited, کالج پزشکی بیلور[۲۵۲] |
Inactivated کروناویروس سندرم شدید حاد تنفسی ۲ vaccine (using an antigen) | فاز I–II (۳۶۰) Randomized, Parallel Group Trial مکان(ها): India مدت : Nov 2020 – Feb 2021 |
پیشاکلینیکی |
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| Nano Covax[۲۵۴] Nanogen Pharmaceutical Biotechnology JSC |
واکسن spike protein[۲۵۵] | فاز I (۶۰) مکان(ها): ویتنام مدت : Dec 2020 – Jan 2021 |
پیشاکلینیکی Tested on mice, hamsters, and monkeys. Approved for human clinical trials by the Vietnam Ministry of Health.[۲۵۵] |
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| PTX-COVID19-B[۲۵۶] Providence Therapeutics |
واکسن ریبونوکلئیک اسید | فاز I (۶۰) مکان(ها): کانادا مدت : Jan 2021 – May 2021 |
پیشاکلینیکی
|
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| SARS-CoV-2 Sclamp/V451 دانشگاه کوئینزلند, Syneos Health, CEPI, Seqirus |
Subunit vaccine (molecular clamp stabilized spike protein with MF59) | Terminated (۱۲۰) Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging. False positive HIV test found among participants. مکان(ها): بریزبن مدت : Jul–Oct 2020 |
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| V590[۲۵۹] and V591/MV-SARS-CoV-2[۲۶۰] مرک اند کو. (Themis BIOscience), انستیتو پاستور, University of Pittsburgh’s Center for Vaccine Research (CVR), CEPI | Terminated[۲۶۱] |
Efficacy
The effectiveness of a new vaccine is defined by its efficacy.[۲۲] In the case of COVID‑19, a vaccine efficacy of 67% may be enough to slow the pandemic, but this assumes that the vaccine confers sterilizing immunity, which is necessary to prevent transmission. Vaccine efficacy reflects disease prevention, a poor indicator of transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 since asymptomatic people can be highly infectious.[۲۶۳] The US سازمان غذا و دارو (آمریکا) (FDA) and the آژانس دارویی اروپا (EMA) set a cutoff of 50% as the efficacy required to approve a COVID‑19 vaccine.[۲۶۴][۲۶۵] As of 7 January, authorized and approved vaccines have shown efficacies ranging from 62–90% for ای‌زددی۱۲۲۲ (various dosage regimens) to 95% for the واکسن کووید-۱۹ فایزر–بیوان‌تک.[۲۶۶][۲۶۷] BBV152 has not published efficacy results as of 7 January.[۲۶۸] With BBIBP-CorV, Sinopharm announced a vaccine's efficacy was 79.34%, which was lower than the 86% announced by the United Arab Emirates (UAE) on 9 December. The UAE based its results on an interim analysis of Phase III trials conducted from July.[۲۶۹] With کروناواک, after three delays in releasing results,[۲۷۰] Instituto Butantan announced in January 2021 that the vaccine was 78% effective in mild cases and 100% effective against severe and moderate infections based on 220 COVID‑19 cases from 13,000 volunteers. Butantan declined to elaborate how the efficacy rate was calculated.[۲۷۱] The efficacy of the واکسن کووید-۱۹ مدرنا is 95.6% for those aged 18 to 64.[۲۷۲]
SARS-CoV-2 variants
![[نشان]](/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small} | این بخش نیازمند گسترش است. میتوانید با افزودن به آن کمک کنید. (January 2021) |
In mid-December 2020, a new SARS-CoV-2 variant (VOC-202012/01) was identified in the UK. While preliminary data indicates that this variant showed an estimated increase in عدد سرایت پایه (R) by 0.4 or greater and increased transmissibility of up to 70%, there is as yet no evidence for lower vaccine effectiveness.[۲۷۳]
A South African variant (501.V2) has also emerged, which is believed to be more contagious and cause much more serious illness for most people who become infected.[۲۷۴]
Early results suggest that both the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines protect against the UK variant.[۲۷۵] However they are less effective against the South Africa variant, with Moderna reporting that the current vaccine produced only one-sixth of the antibodies in response to the South African variant compared with the original virus. They have launched a trial of a new vaccine to tackle the South African variant.[۲۷۶]
Formulation
تا تاریخ سپتامبر ۲۰۲۰[بروزرسانی], eleven of the vaccine candidates in clinical development use adjuvants to enhance immunogenicity.[۲] An immunological adjuvant is a substance formulated with a vaccine to elevate the immune response to an آنتی‌ژن, such as the COVID‑19 virus or influenza virus.[۲۷۷] Specifically, an adjuvant may be used in formulating a COVID‑19 vaccine candidate to boost its immunogenicity and efficacy to reduce or prevent COVID‑19 infection in vaccinated individuals.[۲۷۷][۲۷۸] Adjuvants used in COVID‑19 vaccine formulation may be particularly effective for technologies using the inactivated COVID‑19 virus and recombinant protein-based or vector-based vaccines.[۲۷۸] آلومینیوم, known as "alum", were the first adjuvant used for licensed vaccines, and are the adjuvant of choice in some 80% of adjuvanted vaccines.[۲۷۸] The alum adjuvant initiates diverse molecular and cellular mechanisms to enhance immunogenicity, including release of proinflammatory cytokines.[۲۷۷][۲۷۸]
جستارهای وابسته
- بیماری کروناویروس ۲۰۱۹
- دنیاگیری کروناویروس
- مراحل کارآزمایی بالینی
- بیماری تنفسی
- کروناویروس سندرم حاد تنفسی ۲
- گروه واکسن آکسفورد
منابع
- ↑ Diamond, Michael S; Pierson, Theodore C (2020-05-13). "The challenges of vaccine development against a new virus during a pandemic". Cell Host and Microbe. 27 (5): 699–703. doi:10.1016/j.chom.2020.04.021. PMC 7219397. PMID 32407708.
- ↑ ۲٫۰ ۲٫۱ ۲٫۲ Le, Tung Thanh; Cramer, Jakob P.; Chen, Robert; Mayhew, Stephen (2020-09-04). "Evolution of the COVID-19 vaccine development landscape". Nature Reviews Drug Discovery. 19 (10): 667–68. doi:10.1038/d41573-020-00151-8. ISSN 1474-1776. PMID 32887942. S2CID 221503034.
- ↑ ۳٫۰ ۳٫۱ ۳٫۲ "COVID-19 vaccine development pipeline (Refresh URL to update)". Vaccine Centre, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. 2020-11-16. Retrieved 2020-11-16.
- ↑ ۴٫۰ ۴٫۱ "COVID-19 vaccine tracker (Choose vaccines tab, apply filters to view select data)". Milken Institute. 2020-11-16. Retrieved 2020-11-09. Lay summary.
{{cite web}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter|lay-url=(help) خطای یادکرد: برچسب<ref>نامعتبر؛ نام «milken» چندین بار با محتوای متفاوت تعریف شده است. (صفحهٔ راهنما را مطالعه کنید.). - ↑ ۵٫۰ ۵٫۱ "Draft landscape of COVID 19 candidate vaccines". World Health Organization. 2020-11-12. Retrieved 2020-11-16. خطای یادکرد: برچسب
<ref>نامعتبر؛ نام «who-tracker» چندین بار با محتوای متفاوت تعریف شده است. (صفحهٔ راهنما را مطالعه کنید.). - ↑ "Pfizer and BioNTech Announce Vaccine Candidate Against COVID-19 Achieved Success in First Interim Analysis from Phase 3 Study". Pfizer. Retrieved 9 November 2020.
- ↑ "Moderna's COVID-19 Vaccine Candidate Meets its Primary Efficacy Endpoint in the First Interim Analysis of the Phase 3 COVE Study | Moderna, Inc". investors.modernatx.com (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-11-27.
- ↑ "AZD1222 vaccine met primary efficacy endpoint in preventing COVID-19". www.astrazeneca.com (به انگلیسی).
- ↑ "Oxford University breakthrough on global COVID-19 vaccine". www.research.ox.ac.uk (به انگلیسی).
- ↑ خطای یادکرد: خطای یادکرد:برچسب
<ref> غیرمجاز؛ متنی برای یادکردهای با نامgates2وارد نشده است. (صفحهٔ راهنما را مطالعه کنید.). - ↑ Grenfell, Rob; Drew, Trevor (17 February 2020). "Here's Why It's Taking So Long to Develop a Vaccine for the New Coronavirus". ScienceAlert. Archived from the original on 28 February 2020. Retrieved 26 February 2020.
- ↑ "CEPI welcomes UK Government's funding and highlights need for $2 billion to develop a vaccine against COVID-19". Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, Oslo, Norway. 6 March 2020. Retrieved 23 March 2020.
- ↑ ۱۳٫۰ ۱۳٫۱ Thanh Le, Tung; Andreadakis, Zacharias; Kumar, Arun; Gómez Román, Raúl; Tollefsen, Stig; Saville, Melanie; Mayhew, Stephen (9 April 2020). "The COVID-19 vaccine development landscape". Nature Reviews Drug Discovery. 19 (5): 305–306. doi:10.1038/d41573-020-00073-5. ISSN 1474-1776. PMID 32273591.
- ↑ "Update on WHO Solidarity Trial – Accelerating a safe and effective COVID-19 vaccine". World Health Organization. 2020-04-27. Retrieved 2020-05-02.
It is vital that we evaluate as many vaccines as possible as we cannot predict how many will turn out to be viable. To increase the chances of success (given the high level of attrition during vaccine development), we must test all candidate vaccines until they fail. WHO is working to ensure that all of them have the chance of being tested at the initial stage of development. The results for the efficacy of each vaccine are expected within three to six months and this evidence, combined with data on safety, will inform decisions about whether it can be used on a wider scale
- ↑ ۱۵٫۰ ۱۵٫۱ "Regulatory Decision Summary – Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine". Health Canada, Government of Canada. 9 December 2020. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
- ↑ "Study to Describe the Safety, Tolerability, Immunogenicity, and Efficacy of RNA Vaccine Candidates Against COVID-19 in Healthy Adults". ClinicalTrials.gov. کتابخانه ملی پزشکی ایالات متحده آمریکا. 30 April 2020. NCT04368728. Archived from the original on 11 October 2020. Retrieved 14 July 2020.
- ↑ "A Multi-site Phase I/II, 2-Part, Dose-Escalation Trial Investigating the Safety and Immunogenicity of four Prophylactic SARS-CoV-2 RNA Vaccines Against COVID-19 Using Different Dosing Regimens in Healthy Adults". EU Clinical Trials Register. European Union. 14 April 2020. EudraCT 2020-001038-36. Archived from the original on 22 April 2020. Retrieved 22 April 2020.
- ↑ "Pfizer and BioNTech Conclude Phase 3 Study of COVID-19 Vaccine Candidate, Meeting All Primary Efficacy Endpoints". Pfizer. 18 November 2020.
- ↑ Polack F, Thomas S, Kitchin N, Absalon J, Gurtman A, Lockhart S, et al. (December 2020). "Safety and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine". New England Journal of Medicine. 383 (27): 2603–2615. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2034577. PMC 7745181. PMID 33301246.
- ↑ FDA Review of Efficacy and Safety of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine Emergency Use Authorization Request (PDF). U.S. سازمان غذا و دارو (آمریکا) (FDA) (Report). 10 December 2020. Retrieved 11 December 2020.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ↑ Erman, Michael (18 November 2020). "Pfizer ends COVID-19 trial with 95% efficacy, to seek emergency-use authorization". Reuters. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
- ↑ ۲۲٫۰ ۲۲٫۱ Zimmer, Carl (20 November 2020). "2 Companies Say Their Vaccines Are 95% Effective. What Does That Mean? You might assume that 95 out of every 100 people vaccinated will be protected from Covid-19. But that's not how the math works". نیویورک تایمز. Retrieved 21 November 2020.
- ↑ Mulligan, Mark J.; Lyke, Kirsten E.; Kitchin, Nicholas; Absalon, Judith; Gurtman, Alejandra; Lockhart, Stephen; et al. (October 2020). "Phase I/II study of COVID-19 RNA vaccine BNT162b1 in adults". Nature. 586 (7830): 589–593. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2639-4. PMID 32785213. S2CID 221126922.
- ↑ "Albania to start COVID-19 immunisation with Pfizer vaccine in Jan – report". Seenews.
- ↑ "Coronavirus en la Argentina: La ANMAT aprobo el uso de emergencia de la vacuna Pfizer". La Nación (به اسپانیایی). Retrieved 23 December 2020.
- ↑ "Bahrain becomes second country to approve Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine". الجزیره (شبکه خبری). Retrieved 5 December 2020.
- ↑ ۲۷٫۰ ۲۷٫۱ "Drug and vaccine authorizations for COVID-19: List of applications received". Health Canada, Government of Canada. 9 December 2020. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
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- ↑ "Arcsa autoriza ingreso al país de vacuna Pfizer-BioNTech para el Covid-19 – Agencia Nacional de Regulación, Control y Vigilancia Sanitaria" (به اسپانیایی). Retrieved 17 December 2020.
- ↑ "Iraq grants emergency approval for Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine". MSN. Retrieved 27 December 2020.
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- ↑ "Mexico Approves Pfizer Vaccine for Emergency Use as Covid Surges". Bloomberg. 12 December 2020. Retrieved 12 December 2020.
- ↑ "Mexico authorizes emergency use of Pfizer-BioNTech coronavirus vaccine". The Economic Times. 12 December 2020. Retrieved 14 January 2021.
- ↑ "Oman issues licence to import Pfizer BioNTech Covid vaccine – TV". Reuters. 15 December 2020. Retrieved 16 December 2020.
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- ↑ "Qatar, Oman to receive Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine this week". Reuters. Retrieved 24 December 2020.
- ↑ "Singapore approves use of Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine". AP NEWS. 14 December 2020. Retrieved 15 December 2020.
- ↑ "Dubai approves the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine which will be free of charge". Emirates Woman. 23 December 2020. Retrieved 28 December 2020.
- ↑ "UK medicines regulator gives approval for first UK COVID-19 vaccine". Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, Government of the UK. 2 December 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
- ↑ "Information for Healthcare Professionals on Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine". Medicines & Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). 8 December 2020. Retrieved 13 December 2020.
- ↑ "Conditions of Authorisation for Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine". Medicines & Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). 3 December 2020. Retrieved 13 December 2020.
- ↑ "Interior Applauds Inclusion of Insular Areas through Operation Warp Speed to Receive COVID-19 Vaccines" (Press release). وزارت کشور ایالات متحده آمریکا (DOI). 12 December 2020. Retrieved 13 January 2021. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ↑ Dorman, Bill (6 January 2021). "Asia Minute: Palau Administers Vaccines to Keep Country Free of COVID". Hawaii Public Radio. Retrieved 13 January 2021.
- ↑ "FDA Takes Key Action in Fight Against COVID-19 By Issuing Emergency Use Authorization for First COVID-19 Vaccine" (Press release). U.S. سازمان غذا و دارو (آمریکا) (FDA). 11 December 2020. Retrieved 11 December 2020. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ↑ "Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine EUA Fact Sheet for Healthcare Providers" (PDF). Pfizer. 11 December 2020.
- ↑ "WHO issues its first emergency use validation for a COVID-19 vaccine and emphasizes need for equitable global access". سازمان جهانی بهداشت (WHO) (Press release). 31 December 2020. Retrieved 6 January 2021.
- ↑ "Comirnaty". Therapeutic Goods Administration. 25 January 2021. Retrieved 25 January 2021.
- ↑ "Comirnaty EPAR". آژانس دارویی اروپا (EMA). Retrieved 23 December 2020.
- ↑ "Questions and Answers: COVID-19 vaccination in the EU". کمیسیون اروپا. 21 December 2020. Retrieved 21 December 2020.
- ↑ "Comirnaty". Union Register of medicinal products. Retrieved 8 January 2021.
- ↑ "COVID-19: Bóluefninu Comirnaty frá BioNTech/Pfizer hefur verið veitt skilyrt íslenskt markaðsleyfi". Lyfjastofnun (به ایسلندی). Retrieved 2020-12-26.
- ↑ Lim, Ida (2021-01-08). "Khairy: Malaysia can use Pfizer's Covid-19 vaccine now as conditional registration granted". Malay Mail. Retrieved 2021-01-08.
- ↑ "Status på koronavaksiner under godkjenning per 21.12.20". Statens legemiddelverk (به نروژی بوک‌مُل). Retrieved 2020-12-26.
- ↑ "Coronavirus: Saudi Arabia approves Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine for use". Al Arabiya English. 10 December 2020. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
- ↑ Zimmer, Carl; Corum, Jonathan; Wee, Sui-Lee (10 June 2020). "Coronavirus Vaccine Tracker". نیویورک تایمز. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 12 December 2020.
- ↑ "Serbia leads region in expecting COVID-19 vaccines within days". BalkanInsight. 21 December 2020. Retrieved 26 December 2020.
- ↑ "First shipment of Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine arrives in Serbia". Serbian government website. 22 December 2020. Retrieved 26 December 2020.
- ↑ "A Study to Evaluate Efficacy, Safety, and Immunogenicity of mRNA-1273 Vaccine in Adults Aged 18 Years and Older to Prevent COVID-19". ClinicalTrials.gov. کتابخانه ملی پزشکی ایالات متحده آمریکا. 14 July 2020. NCT04470427. Archived from the original on 11 October 2020. Retrieved 27 July 2020.
- ↑ Palca, Joe (27 July 2020). "COVID-19 vaccine candidate heads to widespread testing in U.S." NPR. Archived from the original on 11 October 2020. Retrieved 27 July 2020.
- ↑ "Promising Interim Results from Clinical Trial of NIH-Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine". National Institutes of Health (NIH). 15 November 2020.
- ↑ Baden L, Essink B, Kotloff K, Frey S, Novak R, Diemert D, et al. (December 2020). "Efficacy and Safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine". New England Journal of Medicine. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2035389. PMID 33378609.
- ↑ "Safety and Immunogenicity Study of 2019-nCoV Vaccine (mRNA-1273) for Prophylaxis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection (COVID-19)". ClinicalTrials.gov.
- ↑ "Dose-Confirmation Study to Evaluate the Safety, Reactogenicity, and Immunogenicity of mRNA-1273 COVID-19 Vaccine in Adults Aged 18 Years and Older". ClinicalTrials.gov. Retrieved 19 December 2020.
- ↑ Widge, Alicia T.; Rouphael, Nadine G.; Jackson, Lisa A.; Anderson, Evan J.; Roberts, Paul C.; Makhene, Mamodikoe; et al. (3 December 2020). "Durability of Responses after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-1273 Vaccination". New England Journal of Medicine. Massachusetts Medical Society. doi:10.1056/nejmc2032195. ISSN 0028-4793. PMC 7727324. PMID 33270381.
- ↑ Jackson LA, Anderson EJ, Rouphael NG, Roberts PC, Makhene M, Coler RN, et al. (mRNA-1273 Study Group) (July 2020). "An mRNA Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 – Preliminary Report". New England Journal of Medicine. 383 (20): 1920–1931. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2022483. PMC 7377258. PMID 32663912. Lay summary.
{{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter|lay-url=(help) - ↑ Jackson LA, Anderson EJ, Rouphael NG, Roberts PC, Makhene M, Coler RN, et al. (mRNA-1273 Study Group) (July 2020). "An mRNA Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 – Preliminary Report Supplementary appendix". New England Journal of Medicine. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2022483. PMID 32663912.
- ↑ "Regulatory Decision Summary – Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine – Health Canada". Health Canada, Government of Canada. 23 December 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2020.
- ↑ "Israeli Ministry of Health Authorizes COVID-19 Vaccine Moderna for Use in Israel". modernatx.com. 4 January 2021. Retrieved 4 January 2021.
- ↑ ۷۶٫۰ ۷۶٫۱ "AstraZeneca and Moderna vaccines to be administered in Saudi Arabia". gulfnews.com (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2021-01-19.
- ↑ "Swissmedic grants authorisation for the COVID-19 vaccine from Moderna" (Press release). Swiss Agency for Therapeutic Products (Swissmedic). 2020-01-12. Retrieved 2020-01-12.
- ↑ "Information for Healthcare Professionals on COVID-19 Vaccine Moderna". Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). 8 January 2021. Retrieved 8 January 2021.
- ↑ "Conditions of Authorisation for COVID-19 Vaccine Moderna". Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). 8 January 2021. Retrieved 9 January 2021.
- ↑ "FDA Takes Additional Action in Fight Against COVID-19 By Issuing Emergency Use Authorization for Second COVID-19 Vaccine". U.S. سازمان غذا و دارو (آمریکا) (FDA) (Press release). Retrieved 18 December 2020.
- ↑ Oliver, Sara E.; Gargano, Julia W.; Marin, Mona; Wallace, Megan; Curran, Kathryn G.; Chamberland, Mary; et al. (December 2020). "The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices' Interim Recommendation for Use of Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine — United States, December 2020" (PDF). MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 69 (5152): 1653–1656. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm695152e1. PMID 33382675.
- ↑ "COVID-19 Vaccine Moderna EPAR". آژانس دارویی اروپا (EMA). Retrieved 20 January 2021.
- ↑ "European Commission authorises second safe and effective vaccine against COVID-19". European Commission (Press release). Retrieved 6 January 2021.
- ↑ "EMA recommends COVID-19 Vaccine Moderna for authorisation in the EU" (Press release). European Medicines Agency. 6 January 2021. Retrieved 6 January 2021.
- ↑ "COVID-19 Vaccine Moderna". Union Register of medicinal products. Retrieved 14 January 2021.
- ↑ ۸۶٫۰ ۸۶٫۱ "Endnu en vaccine mod COVID-19 er godkendt af EU-Kommissionen". Lægemiddelstyrelsen (به دانمارکی). Retrieved 2021-01-07.
- ↑ "COVID-19: Bóluefninu COVID-19 Vaccine Moderna frá hefur verið veitt skilyrt íslenskt markaðsleyfi". Lyfjastofnun (به ایسلندی). Retrieved 2021-01-07.
- ↑ "Status på koronavaksiner under godkjenning per 6. januar 2021". Statens legemiddelverk (به نروژی بوک‌مُل). Retrieved 2021-01-07.
- ↑ "AstraZeneca & Serum Institute of India sign licensing deal for 1 million doses of Oxford vaccine". The Economic Times. Retrieved 15 June 2020.
- ↑ "Covid-19 vaccine: Serum Institute signs up for 100 million doses of vaccines for India, low and middle-income countries". The Financial Express. 7 August 2020.
- ↑ Walsh, Nick; Shelley, Jo; Duwe, Eduardo; Bonnett, William (27 July 2020). "The world's hopes for a coronavirus vaccine may run in these health care workers' veins". سائو پائولو: سی‌ان‌ان. Archived from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 3 August 2020.
- ↑ "Investigating a Vaccine Against COVID-19". ClinicalTrials.gov. کتابخانه ملی پزشکی ایالات متحده آمریکا. 26 May 2020. NCT04400838. Archived from the original on 11 October 2020. Retrieved 14 July 2020.
- ↑ "A Phase 2/3 study to determine the efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of the candidate Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19". EU Clinical Trials Register. European Union. 21 April 2020. EudraCT 2020-001228-32. Archived from the original on 5 October 2020. Retrieved 3 August 2020.
- ↑ O'Reilly, Peter (26 May 2020). "A Phase III study to investigate a vaccine against COVID-19". ISRCTN. doi:10.1186/ISRCTN89951424. ISRCTN89951424.
- ↑ "A Phase III Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Multicenter Study in Adults to Determine the Safety, Efficacy, and Immunogenicity of AZD1222, a Non-replicating ChAdOx1 Vector Vaccine, for the Prevention of COVID-19". ClinicalTrials.gov. کتابخانه ملی پزشکی ایالات متحده آمریکا. 12 May 2020. NCT04383574. Archived from the original on 23 August 2020. Retrieved 26 August 2020.
- ↑ "Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK – The Lancet". Retrieved 9 December 2020.
- ↑ "Trial of Oxford COVID-19 vaccine starts in Brazil". Jenner Institute. Archived from the original on 9 September 2020. Retrieved 26 August 2020.
- ↑ "Oxford COVID-19 vaccine final trials will be held in these 17 hospitals in India". mint. 19 August 2020.
- ↑ Folegatti, Pedro M; Ewer, Katie J; Aley, Parvinder K; Angus, Brian; Becker, Stephan; Belij-Rammerstorfer, Sandra; et al. (July 2020). "Safety and immunogenicity of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2: a preliminary report of a phase 1/2, single-blind, randomised controlled trial". Lancet. 396 (10249): 467–78. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31604-4. PMC 7445431. PMID 32702298. Lay summary.
{{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter|lay-url=(help) - ↑ "Argentine regulator approves AstraZeneca/Oxford COVID-19 vaccine". Reuters. 30 December 2020. Retrieved 30 December 2020.
- ↑ https://saudigazette.com.sa/article/602862
- ↑ "Oxford University-Astrazeneca vaccine: Bangladesh okays it for emergency use". thedailystar.net. Retrieved 2021-01-06.
- ↑ "Bangladesh approves Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine". aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2021-01-06.
- ↑ ۱۰۴٫۰ ۱۰۴٫۱ McGeever, Jamie; Fonseca, Pedro (17 January 2021). "Brazil clears emergency use of Sinovac, AstraZeneca vaccines, shots begin". Reuters. Retrieved 17 January 2021.
- ↑ Staff, Agencia EFE (31 December 2020). "La República Dominicana aprueba la vacuna de AstraZeneca contra la covid-19". Agencia EFE (به اسپانیایی).
- ↑ https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-ecuador-astrazeneca/ecuador-approves-use-of-astrazeneca-vaccine-for-covid-19-idUSL1N2JZ0HC
- ↑ "El Salvador greenlights AstraZeneca, Oxford University COVID-19 vaccine". Reuters. 30 December 2020.
- ↑ ۱۰۸٫۰ ۱۰۸٫۱ "Hungarian drug regulator approves Sputnik V vaccine: website". Reuters. 21 January 2021.
- ↑ ۱۰۹٫۰ ۱۰۹٫۱ Schmall, Emily; Yasir, Sameer (3 January 2021). "India Approves Oxford-AstraZeneca Covid-19 Vaccine and 1 Other". The New York Times. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
- ↑ ۱۱۰٫۰ ۱۱۰٫۱ https://www.bignewsnetwork.com/news/267583081/iraq-approves-sinopharm-astrazeneca-vaccines
- ↑ "Mexico approves AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, minister says". Reuters. 5 January 2021. Retrieved 14 January 2021.
- ↑ "Myanmar launches nationwide COVID-19 vaccination program". Xinhua News. January 27th 2021.
{{cite news}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ↑ Staff, Reuters (15 January 2021). "Nepal approves AstraZeneca COVID vaccine for emergency use - government statement". Reuters (به انگلیسی).
- ↑ Staff, Reuters (16 January 2021). "Pakistan approves AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use" (به انگلیسی).
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- ↑ "Dose Ranging Trial to Assess Safety and Immunogenicity of V590 (COVID-19 Vaccine) in Healthy Adults (V590-001) - Full Text View". ClinicalTrials.gov. 30 September 2020. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
- ↑ "A Study to Assess Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of V591 (COVID-19 Vaccine) in Healthy Participants (V591-001) - Full Text View". ClinicalTrials.gov. 4 August 2020. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
- ↑ "Merck Discontinues Development of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 Vaccine Candidates; Continues Development of Two Investigational Therapeutic Candidates". Merck (Press release). 25 January 2021. Retrieved 25 January 2021.
- ↑ "FDA Briefing Document: Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine" (PDF). U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 10 December 2020. Retrieved 1 January 2021.
- ↑ Randolph HE, Barreiro LB (May 2020). "Herd Immunity: Understanding COVID-19". Immunity. 52 (5): 737–741. doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2020.04.012. PMC 7236739. PMID 32433946.
- ↑ "The FDA's cutoff for Covid-19 vaccine effectiveness is 50 percent. What does that mean?". NBC News. Retrieved 2021-01-08.
- ↑ "EMA sets 50% efficacy goal – with flexibility – for COVID vaccines". www.raps.org. Retrieved 2021-01-08.
- ↑ "Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine- rna ingredient bnt-162b2 injection, suspension". DailyMed. Retrieved 14 December 2020.
- ↑ "Information about the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine". مرکز کنترل و پیشگیری بیماری (CDC). Retrieved 18 January 2021.
- ↑ Corum, Jonathan; Zimmer, Carl (2021-01-05). "How Nine Covid-19 Vaccines Work". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2021-01-08.
- ↑ Nectar Gan. "China's Sinopharm says its coronavirus vaccine is 79% effective". CNN. Retrieved 2020-12-30.
- ↑ Fonseca, Pedro. "Brazil institute says CoronaVac efficacy above 50%, but delays full results". رویترز. Retrieved December 25, 2020.
- ↑ "Sinovac's Covid Shot Proves 78% Effective in Brazil Trial". Bloomberg. 2021-01-07. Retrieved 2021-01-07.
- ↑ "Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine- cx-024414 injection, suspension". DailyMed. Retrieved 20 December 2020.
- ↑ "Rapid increase of a SARS-CoV-2 variant with multiple spike protein mutations observed in the United Kingdom". (Threat Assessment Brief). Europa (web portal). Retrieved 22 December 2020.
- ↑ "South Africa coronavirus variant: What is the risk?". Retrieved 26 January 2021.
- ↑ "Moderna vaccine appears to work against variants". Retrieved 26 January 2021.
- ↑ "Moderna develops new vaccine to tackle mutant Covid strain". Retrieved 26 January 2021.
- ↑ ۲۷۷٫۰ ۲۷۷٫۱ ۲۷۷٫۲ Tregoning, John S.; Russell, Ryan F.; Kinnear, Ekaterina (25 January 2018). "Adjuvanted influenza vaccines". Human Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics. 14 (3): 550–64. doi:10.1080/21645515.2017.1415684. ISSN 2164-5515. PMC 5861793. PMID 29232151.
- ↑ ۲۷۸٫۰ ۲۷۸٫۱ ۲۷۸٫۲ ۲۷۸٫۳ Wang, Jieliang; Peng, Ying; Xu, Haiyue; Cui, Zhengrong; Williams, Robert O. (5 August 2020). "The COVID-19 vaccine race: Challenges and opportunities in vaccine formulation". AAPS PharmSciTech. 21 (6): 225. doi:10.1208/s12249-020-01744-7. ISSN 1530-9932. PMC 7405756. PMID 32761294.
پیوند به بیرون
- پیش نویس منظره واکسن‌های کاندید COVID-19 ، سازمان بهداشت جهانی
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- خط لوله واکسن COVID-19 ، مرکز واکسن ، دانشکده بهداشت و پزشکی گرمسیری لندن
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