ویکی‌پدیا:ویکی‌پدیا واژه‌نامه نیست: تفاوت میان نسخه‌ها

از ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
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===طول مقاله معيار نيست===
===Not size===
Note that dictionary and encyclopedia articles do not differ simply on grounds of ''length''. A [[wikt:Wiktionary:Entry layout explained|''full'' dictionary article]] (as opposed to a stub dictionary article, which is simply where Wiktionary articles ''start from'') or [[encyclopedic dictionary]] entry would contain illustrative quotations for each listed meaning; etymologies; translations; inflections; links to related and derived terms; links to synonyms, antonyms, and homophones; a pronunciation guide in various dialects, including links to sound files; and usage notes; and can be very long indeed. Short dictionary articles are artifacts of paper dictionaries being space-limited. Not all dictionaries are limited by the size of the paper. [[wikt:Wiktionary:What Wiktionary is not|Wiktionary is not paper]] either.
Note that dictionary and encyclopedia articles do not differ simply on grounds of ''length''. A [[wikt:Wiktionary:Entry layout explained|''full'' dictionary article]] (as opposed to a stub dictionary article, which is simply where Wiktionary articles ''start from'') or [[encyclopedic dictionary]] entry would contain illustrative quotations for each listed meaning; etymologies; translations; inflections; links to related and derived terms; links to synonyms, antonyms, and homophones; a pronunciation guide in various dialects, including links to sound files; and usage notes; and can be very long indeed. Short dictionary articles are artifacts of paper dictionaries being space-limited. Not all dictionaries are limited by the size of the paper. [[wikt:Wiktionary:What Wiktionary is not|Wiktionary is not paper]] either.



نسخهٔ ‏۱ آوریل ۲۰۱۱، ساعت ۲۱:۴۲

ویکی‌پدیا دیکشنری یا فرهنگ لغت نیست یا فرهنگ اصطلاح نیست هدف این پروژهدرست کردن دانشنامه هست و هدف ویکی‌واژه درست کردن فرهنگ لغت است با توجه به این موضوع این دو پروژه نباید مشابه عمل کنند بلکه مکمل و مرتبط باشند. مقاله‌های ویکی‌پدیا کاملا با مقاله‌های ویکی‌واژه متفاوت است هر مقاله در ویکی‌پدیا در مورد فرد یا شخص خاص یا ایده مکان اتفاق اجسام و غیره توضیح می‌دهد با وجود آنکه مقاله‌های ویکی واژه در مورد لغت و معنی لغت یا ریشه لغت یا استفاده لغت می‌باشد. یکی از مواردی که همیشه اشتباه قضاوت می‌شود این است که ریشه مقاله‌های دیکشنری و دانشنامه مشابه هست و تشخیص آنها از همدیگر سخت می‌گرددو همجنین معمولا به اشتباه مقاله‌های کم حجم و کم مطلب به عنوان مقاله‌های دیکشنری در نظر گرفته می‌شود که اینظور نیستو

مقایسه مقالات دیکشنری و دانشنامه

در این بخش مقاله دیکشنری با فرهنگ لغت مقایسه می‌گردد.

تقاوت اصلی

ویکی‌پدیا ویکی‌واژه
مقاله‌ها درباره: مقاله‌هایی که درباره شخصیت، مردم، مکان، اتفاق، اجسام و غیره باشند و عنوان قابل تفکیک باشد مانند مقاله اختاپوس در ویکی‌پدیا باید درباره این موارد مطلب داشته باشد که اختاپوس یک حیوان است، ساختار جسمی مشخصی دارد، یک نوع غذا است، در دسته بندی علمی خاصی قرار می‌گیرد و موارد مشابه را مورد بررسی قرار دهد. مقاله‌هایی که درباره یک لغت یا اصطلاح نوشته می‌شود و معانی و ریشه‌های لغوی و ر وکاربرد لغوی بررسی می‌گردد مثلا مقاله اختاپوس در ویکی‌وازه باید درباره اجزا لغت، اسم جمع، استفاده لغوی، ریشه لغت، تاریخچه لغت و ترجمه آن به زبان‌های دیگر و موارد مشابه نوشته شود.
مقاله‌هایی که عنوان متفاوت برای معنای مشابه دارند اینگونه مقاله‌ها باید در ویکی‌پدیا ادغام گردند مثلا مقاله کامپیوتر و مقاله رایانه باید با هم ادغام گردند در ویکی واژه هر لغت مقاله خاص خود را دارد
مقاله‌هایی که عنوان از نظر املای متفاوت است ولی از نظر معنایی مشابه‌است در ویکی‌پدیا باید اینگونه مقاله‌ها ادغام گردند مثلا تهران وطهران یا اتاق و اطاق اینگونه مقاله‌ها در ویکی واژه برای هر لغت یک مقاله نوشته می‌شود.
یک کلمه در معانی مختلف کاربرد داشته باشد در ویکی‌پدیا باید به ازاء هر مورد یک مقاله ساخت و در مقاله ابهام‌زدایی آنها را در کنار همدیگر معرفی کرد که در این موارد اسم مقاله ابهام‌زدایی باید همان کلمه باشد و موارد مشابه باید با (پرانتز) دسته‌بندی شده باشند در ویکی‌واژه باید همگی را در یک مقاله قرار داد

به طور کلی مقاله دانشنامه می‌تواند معانی مشابه و هم معنی بسیاری را پوشش دهد وای مقاله ویکی‌واژه از آنجایی که یک مقاله فرهنگ لغت و زبان‌شناسی هست ترجمه لغات کار آسانی نیست و نیاز به بسط و توضیح دارد.

تفاوت جزئی

ویکی‌پدیا ویکی‌واژه
صرف فعل در ویکی‌پدیا عنوان مقاله به صورت جمع یا مفرد یا ریشه فعل نام‌گذاری می‌شود و بقیه حالت‌ها تغییر مسیر به مقاله اصلی داده می‌شوند در ویکی‌واژه برای تک‌تک حالت‌های فعل و اسم یک مقاله نوشته می‌شود مثلا مقاله‌های رفت، رفتن، می‌رفت با همدیگر متفاوت هستند
صفت‌ها مقاله‌هایی که عنوانشان صفت باشد در ویکی‌پدیا معمولا به صفحه اسم یا ابهام‌زدایی یا موجود نمی‌باشد تغییر مسیر داده می‌شود در ویکی‌واژه مقاله صفت ساخته می‌شود
Language used: در ویکی‌پدیا بر اساس رهنمود عنوان فارسی عمل می‌شود و عنوان‌ها با حروف فارسی نوشته می‌شوند در ویکی‌واژه هر گونه حروف برای عنوان از هر زبانی مجاز است
ابهام‌زدایی نام اشخاص: در ویکی‌پدیا ابهامزدایی برای موارد مشابه انجام‌می‌گیرد

مقاله ابهامزدایی از پیوند به مقالات ویکی‌واژه برای تلفظ و معانی متفاوت استفاده می‌کند

در ویکی‌واژه برای نام یا القاب افراد ابهام‌زدایی انجام نمی‌شود بل

بلکه معنی و ریشه نام مورد بررسی قرار می‌گیرد اینگونه مقاله‌ها برای لینک دادن به ویکی‌پدیا استفاده می‌شوند در ویکی‌واژه مقاله‌های مربوط به نام‌ها از مقاله موارد دیگر که شکل مشابه دارند جدا می‌باشد مثلا

Bush, bush

طول مقاله معيار نيست

Note that dictionary and encyclopedia articles do not differ simply on grounds of length. A full dictionary article (as opposed to a stub dictionary article, which is simply where Wiktionary articles start from) or encyclopedic dictionary entry would contain illustrative quotations for each listed meaning; etymologies; translations; inflections; links to related and derived terms; links to synonyms, antonyms, and homophones; a pronunciation guide in various dialects, including links to sound files; and usage notes; and can be very long indeed. Short dictionary articles are artifacts of paper dictionaries being space-limited. Not all dictionaries are limited by the size of the paper. Wiktionary is not paper either.

The dictionary definition trap

Good definitions

Both dictionaries and encyclopedias contain definitions:

First, those who collaborate on this opus must oblige themselves to define everything, without exception

Encyclopedia articles should begin with a good definition and description of one topic (or a few largely or completely synonymous or otherwise highly related topics[۲]), but the article should provide other types of information about that topic as well. An encyclopedic definition is more concerned with encyclopedic knowledge (facts) rather than linguistic concerns.[۳]

A definition aims to describe or delimit the meaning of some term (a word or a phrase) by giving a statement of essential properties or distinguishing characteristics of the concept, entity, or kind of entity, denoted by that term.

A good definition is not circular, a one-word synonym or a near synonym, over broad or over narrow, ambiguous, figurative, or obscure. See also Fallacies of definition.

Wikipedia is not a usage guide

Wikipedia is not in the business of saying how words, idioms, phrases etc. , should be used (but it may be important in the context of an encyclopedia article to discuss how a word is used).

Articles that have been heavily cut to avoid becoming usage guides include gender-neutral pronoun and non-sexist language. Articles with information on how a word is used include singular they, homophobia, sexism, and SNAFU. By a simple extension of the latter, Wikipedia is not a slang and idiom guide. We aren't teaching people how to talk like a hacker or a Cockney chimney-sweep; we're writing an encyclopedia. See meta:Knocking her dead one on the nose each and every double trey for a historical example. Some articles are encyclopedic glossaries on the jargon of an industry or field; such articles must be informative, not guiding in nature, because Wikipedia is not a manual, guidebook, or textbook.

Wikipedia is not a genealogical dictionary

There are special reference works known as genealogical or, more often, biographical dictionaries. These tend to focus primarily on the immediate family connections (parents, spouses, children and their spouses) of the article subject. Wikipedia is an encyclopedia, and as such focuses more on the actions and contributions of an article subject. This means that many genealogical details may be omitted, for a better-flowing, more rounded article.

Biography articles should only be created for people with some sort of verifiable notability. A good measure of notability is whether someone has been featured in multiple, independent, reliable sources. However, minor figures may be mentioned within other articles (for example, Ronald Gay in Violence against LGBT people).

See also Wikipedia:Notability (people).

Neologisms

میانبر سیاست:

Articles on neologisms are commonly deleted, as these articles are often created in an attempt to use Wikipedia to increase usage of the term. As Wiktionary's inclusion criteria differ from Wikipedia's, that project may cover neologisms that Wikipedia cannot accept. If you are interested in writing an article on a neologism, you may wish to contribute it to that project instead.

Some neologisms can be in frequent use, and it may be possible to pull together many facts about a particular term and show evidence of its usage on the Internet or in larger society. To support an article about a particular term or concept we must cite reliable secondary sources such as books and papers about the term or concept, not books and papers that use the term. An editor's personal observations and research (e.g. finding blogs, books, and articles that use the term rather than are about the term) are insufficient to support articles on neologisms because this may require analysis and synthesis of primary source material to advance a position, which is explicitly prohibited by the original research policy.

Neologisms that are in wide use but for which there are no treatments in secondary sources are not yet ready for use and coverage in Wikipedia. The term does not need to be in Wikipedia in order to be a "true" term, and when secondary sources become available, it will be appropriate to create an article on the topic, or use the term within other articles.

In a few cases, there will be notable topics which are well-documented in reliable sources, but for which no accepted short-hand term exists. It can be tempting to employ a neologism in such a case. Instead, it is preferable to use a title that is a descriptive phrase in plain English if possible, even if this makes for a somewhat long or awkward title.

Handling problems

Fixing bad articles/stubs

A good encyclopedia article can and should begin with a relatively short but discrete explanation of what the subject of the article — the person, place, concept, event, or thing that its title denotes — is.

However, sometimes, a Wikipedia article (particularly stubs) will be badly written. Its introduction will say something such as «Dog is a term for an animal with the binomial name Canis lupus.» or «Dog is a word that refers to a domesticated canine.». Such articles are not dictionary articles. They are badly written encyclopedia articles, that should be cleaned up in accordance with our Guide to writing better articles. Simply replace the cumbersome phrasings such as «is a term for», «is a word that means», «refers to», with the very simple "is": «A dog is an animal with the binomial name Canis lupus.» «A dog is a domesticated canine.»

Sometimes, also, a Wikipedia article will be badly named. Its title will be an adjective or an adverb or an inflection of a verb that isn't a noun. Such articles are only dictionary articles if they can only discuss the word or phrase, rather than what the word or phrase denotes. If they discuss what the word or phrase denotes, then they should be renamed or merged to the title that adheres to our Wikipedia:Naming conventions. For example: "supermassive" is an adjective, and doesn't by itself denote an actual subject. Supermassive black hole is an actual subject.

Misplaced dictionary articles

Sometimes an article really is a mis-placed stub dictionary article, that discusses the etymology, translations, usage, inflections, multiple distinct meanings, synonyms, antonyms, homophones, spelling, pronunciation, and so forth of a word or an idiomatic phrase.

If Wiktionary doesn't already have an article for the word or idiom (which is unlikely), it can be copied to Wiktionary using the transwiki system, by marking the article with the {{Copy to Wiktionary}} template.

However, after copying, the final disposition of the article is up to Wikipedia. If the article cannot be renamed, merged, or rewritten into a stub encyclopedia article about a subject, denoted by its title, then it should be deleted.

Pointers to Wiktionary

A template can be used to point to a Wiktionary page from a Wikipedia article which has encyclopedic content; for example, the code {{Wiktionary|dictionary}} produces a pointer to the Wiktionary definition of dictionary as illustrated here. For Wikipedia articles which could only ever be dictionary definitions and keep being re-created and re-deleted, or which could potentially be proper articles but are dictionary-like stubs at the moment, it is possible to salt them with a soft redirect to Wiktionary using code such as {{Wi|dictionary}}.

See also

References

  1. Diderot, Denis, "Encyclopedia", Philip Stewart, trans. , in The Encyclopedia of Diderot & d'Alembert Collaborative Translation Project. Ann Arbor: Scholarly Publishing Office of the University of Michigan Library, 2002.
  2. Note: they must not be largely or completely related only by the titular term
  3. Dictionary of lexicography By R. R. K. Hartmann, Gregory James

External links

Related information